1. Nevus Acquired Congenital Acquired
A nevus is a benign overgrowth of pigment skin cells called melanocytes on the skin surface present at birth or appearing early in life. They fall into two categories, congenital and acquired.
Acquired
Congenital

2. Melasma Blemish
Melasma (also known the mask of pregnancy when present in pregnant women) is a tan or dark facial skin discoloration. Although it can affect anyone, melasma is particularly common in women, especially pregnant women and those who are taking oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy medications.
The symptoms of melasma are dark, irregular patches commonly found on the upper cheek, nose, lips, and forehead. These patches often develop gradually over time. Melasma does not cause any other symptoms beyond the cosmetic discoloration
Melasma is thought to be the stimulation of melanocytes or pigment-producing cells by the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone to produce more melanin pigments when the skin is exposed to sun. Women with a light brown skin type who are living in regions with intense sun exposure are particularly susceptible to developing this condition.
Genetic predisposition is also a major factor in determining whether someone will develop melasma.
The incidence of melasma also increases in patients with thyroid disease. It is thought that the overproduction of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) brought on by stress can cause outbreaks of this condition. Other rare causes of melasma include allergic reaction to medications and cosmetics.
Diagnosis
Melasma is usually diagnosed visually or with assistance of a Wood lamp ( nm wavelength). Under Wood lamp, excess melanin in the epidermis can be distinguished from that of the dermis.
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Treatment
The discoloration usually go away spontaneously over a period of several months after giving birth or stopping the oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy.
Treatments to hasten the fading of the discolored patches include:
Topical depigmenting agents, such as hydroquinone (HQ) either in over-the-counter (2%) or prescription (4%) strength. HQ is a chemical that inhibits tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in the production of melanin.
Tretinoin, an acid that increases skin cell (keratinocyte) turnover. This treatment cannot be used during pregnancy.
Azelaic acid (20%), thought to decrease the activity of melanocytes.
Facial peel with alpha hydroxyacids or chemical peels with glycolic acid.
Laser treatment
In all of these treatments the effects are gradual and a strict avoidance of sunlight is required. The use of broad-spectrum sunscreens with physical blockers, such as titanium dioxide and zinc dioxide is preferred over that with only chemical blockers. This is because UV-A, UV-B and visible lights are all capable of stimulating pigment production.
Cosmetic cover-ups can also be used to reduce the appearance of melasma.

3. Varicose and Spider Veins
Some of the lasers used for hair will be effective on blue leg veins. Typically in the .6 to 3mm size range.
More effective on spider veins
Varicose veins are deeper and won’t respond to laser hair removal wavelengths.

4. Telangiectasias respond very well to a yag wavelength 1064

5. Things the laser won’t treat…etc.

6. Stork Bites/Salmon Patches
Stork bite hemangioma. These lesions are very common-approximately 30% of the population has them.
Stork bites are common vascular lesions of the newborn. They consist of one or more pale red patches, most often seen in the midline on the forehead, eyelids, tip of the nose, upper lip, and at the hairline on the back of the neck.
They fade with pressure, but when the pressure is removed, the reddish appearance returns. Stork bites clear on their own over a period of months and are gone by 18 months-except for those on the back of the neck. These may persist for years, but are generally covered by hair.

7. Port Wine Stains
A port wine stain, is a birthmark consisting of malformed, dilated blood vessels in the skin. It is not a type of hemangioma.
Anyone can be born with a port wine stain. They occur in 1 in 200 to 400 babies.
They are not contagious
They are permanent
Can’t be prevented
Pre-op
3 months PD tx
Pre-op
5 txs PD laser

8. Contact Dermatitis Neomycin
Contact dermatitis is a skin reaction that occurs after exposure to a substance that either irritates the skin or triggers an allergic response. 
If the skin condition is caused by contact with an irritating or harsh substance, that is primary irritant contact dermatitis. 
If the skin condition is an allergic reaction to a substance, that is allergic contact dermatitis. 
The symptoms and treatment of both types of contact dermatitis are similar.
Contact Dermatitis Neomycin

9. Active herpes lesions Orofacial infection
These infections may appear on the lips, nose or in surrounding areas.
The sores may appear to be either weeping or dry, and may resemble a pimple, insect bite, or large chickenpox lesion.
Lesions typically heal after a few days to a week (or more), but this varies among individuals.

10. Plaque Psoriasis
Skin lesions are red at the base and covered by silvery scales.
It can be itchy and painful.
Psoriasis is autoimmune in origin, and is not contagious.
Psoriasis is a disease whose main symptom is gray or silvery flaky patches on the skin which are red and inflamed underneath. In the United States, it affects 2 to 2.6 percent of the population, or between 5.8 and 7.5 million people. Commonly affected areas include the scalp, elbows, knees, navel, palms, ears and groin. Psoriasis is autoimmune in origin, and is not contagious. Around a quarter of people with psoriasis also suffer from psoriatic arthritis, which is similar to rheumatoid arthritis in its effects. Psoriasis was first given that name in complete differentiation from other skin conditions by the Austrian dermatologist Ferdinand von Hebra in 1841, although there are what are believed to be descriptions of the disease in sources going back to ancient Roman and possibly even biblical times.

11. Shingles/ Herpes Zoster
Reactivation of varicella zoster virus, leading to a crop of painful blisters.
It occurs very rarely in children and adults, but its incidence is high in the elderly (over 60), as well as in any age group of immunocompromised patients.
Herpes zoster, colloquially known as shingles, is the reactivation of varicella zoster virus, leading to a crop of painful blisters over the area of a dermatome. It occurs very rarely in children and adults, but its incidence is high in the elderly (over 60), as well as in any age group of immunocompromised patients. It affects some 500,000 people per year in the United States. Treatment is generally with antiviral drugs such as aciclovir. Many patients develop a painful condition called postherpetic neuralgia which is often difficult to manage.
Signs and symptoms
Shingles on the forearm
Often, pain is the first symptom. This pain can be characterized as stinging, tingling, numbing, or throbbing, and can be pronounced with quick stabs of intensity. Then 2-3 crops of red lesions develop, which gradually turn into small blisters filled with serous fluid. A general feeling of unwellness often occurs.
As long as the blisters have not dried out, HZ patients may transmit the virus to others. This could lead to chickenpox in people (mainly young children) who are not yet immune to this virus.
Shingles blisters are unusual in that they only appear on one side of the body. That is because the chickenpox virus can remain dormant for decades, and does so inside the spinal column or a nerve fiber. If it reactivates as shingles, it affects only a single nerve fiber, or ganglion, which can radiate to only one side of the body. The blisters therefore only affect one area of the body and do not cross the midline. They are most common on the torso, but can also appear on the face (where they are potentially hazardous to vision) or other parts of the body.
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Diagnosis
The diagnosis is visual — very few other diseases mimic herpes zoster. In case of doubt, fluid from a blister may be analysed in a medical laboratory.

12. Skin Tags
Small benign tumors that form primarily in areas where the skin forms creases, such as the neck, armpits, and groin.
They also occur on the face, usually on the eyelids.
They range in size from two to five millimeters, although larger ones have been seen.
Skin tags, are small benign tumors that form primarily in areas where the skin forms creases, such as the neck, armpits, and groin. They also occur on the face, usually on the eyelids. They range in size from two to five millimeters, although larger ones have been seen. The surface of skin tags may be smooth or irregular in appearance. Often, they are raised from the surface of the skin on a fleshy stalk called a "peduncle."
Skin tags are harmless, although they are sometimes irritated by clothing or jewelry. There are several methods of removing them:
cryosurgery (freezing)
tying off the stem to cut off the blood supply
excision with scissors or a scalpel
burning with an electric needle
All of these methods of treatment are considered minor surgery, typically done in a doctor's office. Since removal of skin tags is considered to be cosmetic, most health care systems and medical insurance plans will not cover it.
Why and how skin tags form is not entirely known, but there are correlations with age and obesity. They are more common in people with diabetes mellitus. It is estimated that by age 70, up to 59 percent of people have them. A genetic component (causation) is thought to exist.
External links

13. Vitiligo
Patchy loss of skin pigmentation due to an auto-immune attack by the body's own immune system on skin melanocytes.
It frequently begins in late adulthood, with patches of unpigmented skin appearing on extremities. The patches may grow or remain constant in size. Occasional small areas may repigment as they are recolonized by melanocytes.
Laser hair removal may aggravate this condition.
Vitiligo (or leukoderma) is the patchy loss of skin pigmentation due to an auto-immune attack by the body's own immune system on skin melanocytes. It frequently begins in late adulthood, with patches of unpigmented skin appearing on extremities. The patches may grow or remain constant in size. Occasional small areas may repigment as they are recolonised by melanocytes. The population incidence is between 1% and 2%.
In some cases, mild trauma to an area of skin seems to cause new patches - for example around the ankles (caused by friction with shoes or sneakers). Vitiligo may also be caused by stress that affects the immune system, leading the body to react and start eliminating skin pigment.
The condition is medically harmless, other than the problem that the affected skin areas have no protection against sunlight - they burn but never tan. However, if the skin is naturally dark, the visual effect of the white patches may be considered disfiguring by some. (If the affected person is pale-skinned, the patches can be at least be made less visible by avoiding sunlight and the tanning of unaffected skin.) The location of vitiligo affected skin changes over time, with some patches re-pigmenting and others becoming affected.
Vitiligo on the scalp will affect the colour of the hair, leaving white patches or streaks. It will similarly affect whiskers and body hair.
In some cultures there is a stigma attached to having vitiligo. Those affected with the condition are sometimes thought to be evil or diseased and are sometimes shunned by others in the community. People with vitiligo may feel depressed because of this stigma or because the way their skin looks is a dramatic change.
Steroids have been used to remove the white patches, but they are not very effective. Other more dramatic treatments include chemically treating the patient to remove all pigment from the skin to present a uniform skin tone. Current experimental treatments include exposure to narrow-band UV light, which seems to blur the edges of patches, and lightly freckling the affected areas. Immunomodulator creams are believed to cause repigmentation in some cases, but there is no scientific study yet to back this claim. All these treatments alter the appearance but do not address the underlying cause of vitiligo.
In late October of 2004, doctors successfully transplanted melanocytes to vitiligo affected areas, effectively repigmenting the region. The procedure involved taking a thin layer of normally pigmented skin from the patient's "gluteal region". Melanocytes were then separated out and used to make a cellular suspension. The area to be treated was then ablated with a laser, and the melanocyte graft applied. Three weeks later, the area was exposed to UV light repeatedly for two months. Between 73 and 84 percent of patients experienced nearly complete repigmentation of their skin. The longevity of the repigmentation differed from patient to patient.

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