1. Notes, packet p. 8-12 Review, packet p.16-17 Notes, packet p. 8-12 Review, packet p.16-17

2. Look for the ZIG- ZAG LEFT = Metals RIGHT = Nonmetals Look for the ZIG- ZAG LEFT = Metals RIGHT = Nonmetals

3. He Na Be C B

4. He Na Be C B

5. An ION is a CHARGED ATOM (either + or - ) This happens when an unstable atom loses or gains electrons in order to become stable. (Remember: 8 valence electrons = HAPPY ATOM! An ION is a CHARGED ATOM (either + or - ) This happens when an unstable atom loses or gains electrons in order to become stable. (Remember: 8 valence electrons = HAPPY ATOM!

6. Neutral atoms have an equal number of protons and electrons. A neutral atom has an overall electrical charge of zero. BUT, a NEUTRAL atom isn’t necessarily a STABLE atom! HAPPY ATOMS are stable meaning they fulfill the ‘Octet Rule’ (8 electrons in outer level). Metals will LOSE electrons (+ ion) = CATION Nonmetals will GAIN electrons (- ion) = ANION Metals will LOSE electrons (+ ion) = CATION Nonmetals will GAIN electrons (- ion) = ANION

7. Lose electron = POSITIVE Gain electron = NEGATIVE

8. Lose electron = POSITIVE Gain electron = NEGATIVE Answer the following questions on p. 9 in your packet.

9. Lose electron = POSITIVE Gain electron = NEGATIVE Answer the following questions on p. 9 in your packet. 16 + charges 18 - charges 2 more – than + -2 charge 16 + charges 18 - charges 2 more – than + -2 charge 8 electrons + 2 electrons = 10 electrons Now Oxygen has 2 MORE negative charges than positive, so charge is -2. 8 electrons + 2 electrons = 10 electrons Now Oxygen has 2 MORE negative charges than positive, so charge is -2. 4 electrons - 2 electrons = 2 electrons Now Beryllium has 2 LESS negative charges than positive, so charge is +2. 4 electrons - 2 electrons = 2 electrons Now Beryllium has 2 LESS negative charges than positive, so charge is +2.

10. +1 = 1 electron lost +2 = 2 electrons lost +3 = 3 electrons lost +4 = 4 electrons lost -1 = 1 electron gained -2 = 2 electrons gained -3 = 3 electrons gained -4 = 4 electrons gained +1 = 1 electron lost +2 = 2 electrons lost +3 = 3 electrons lost +4 = 4 electrons lost -1 = 1 electron gained -2 = 2 electrons gained -3 = 3 electrons gained -4 = 4 electrons gained +1 Lose (+) or Gain (-) How many electrons

11. +1 +2 +3 -2 -3 +4 or -4

12. Remember… – is gain and + is lose!

13. Why haven’t you grown up recognizing all of the elements around you? Because most substances are compounds. Very few elements are stable enough to exist pure. Instead, they react with other elements to form compounds. Why?.... THE OCTE T RULE Atoms will gain, lose, or share electrons until their outer energy level contains 8 electrons. HAPPY ATOMS ! Atoms will gain, lose, or share electrons until their outer energy level contains 8 electrons. HAPPY ATOMS !

14. Watch the BrainPOP video. Take the QUIZ! Username: onlineschool Password: success Do a SEARCH for Ions

15. An example has been done for you! Ask questions if you have any.