1. Building Blocks 1d Int 2 1234 567 89 10 111213 14 15 22 23242526 161718192021

2. Why do atoms form bonds? To achieve a stable electron arrangement

3. Are electrons transferred or shared in a covalent bond? Electrons are shared

4. What holds the atoms together in a covalent bond? The two positive nucleus attract the shared pair of electrons. - - shared pair of electrons + +

5. Which type of atoms form covalent bonds. Non-metal

6. Is a covalent bond a strong or weak force of attraction? Strong

7. Which type of bond is formed when the attraction of the non-metal atoms for the bonded electrons is different? Non-polar covalent

8. Are the covalent bonds in water highly polar or non polar? Highly polar- hydrogen and oxygen have different attractions for the bonded electrons. H H O

9. When is an ionic bond formed ? When a metal combines with a non-metal

10. Do metals lose or gain electrons? Metals lose electrons Group 1 - lose 1 electron Group 2 - lose 2 electrons Group 3 - lose 3 electrons.

11. What is formed when a metal loses electrons? Positive ion X + Group 1 form X + Group 2 form X 2+ Group 3 form X 3+

12. Do non-metal atoms lose or gain electrons? Gain electrons Group 5 gain 3 Group 6 gain 2 Group 7 gain 1

13. What is formed when a non- metal atom gains electrons? Negative ion Y - Group 5 form Y 3- Group 6 form Y 2- Group 7 form Y -

14. What is formed when there is a force of attraction between oppositely charged ion? An ionic bond

15. Which type of attraction exists in metals? Metallic bonding

16. What is metallic bonding? A force of attraction between positively charged ions and delocalised electrons in a metal.

17. Which of the following are covalent compounds? Sodium chloride, potassium fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, iron oxide, sulphur dioxide Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide (compounds made up of non-metal atoms)

18. What is a molecule? A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.

19. What is meant by diatomic? Two atoms joined together

20. Name the diatomic elements? hydrogen H 2, nitrogen N 2, oxygen O 2, fluorine F 2, chlorine Cl 2, bromine Br 2, iodine I 2

21. Is carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide a diatomic compound? Carbon monoxide CO (2 atoms) - carbon dioxide CO 2 is a molecule made up of 3 atoms.

22. Draw a diagram to show the shape of a tetrahedral molecule?

23. What name is given to the shape of this molecule? Tetrahedral shape

24. Are the bonds between covalent molecules stronger or weaker than the covalent bonds within molecules? Weaker H H O H H O weak strong

25. Which type of substances exist as a lattice structure? Covalent network - a giant lattice of covalently bonded atoms. Ionic - a giant lattice of oppositely charged ions. Metals - a giant lattice of positively charged ions and delocalised electrons

26. What does the formula for a covalent network substance and an ionic compound give? The simplest ratio of atoms of each element - covalent network The simplest ratio of positive to negative ions - ionic compound

27. What does the formula for a discrete covalent substance give? The actual number of atoms in each molecule

28. Building Blocks 1d Int 2 123 4567 89 10 111213 14 15 22 23242526 161718192021