1. 11/7 Focus: 11/7 Focus: – Mountains and valleys served as natural barriers to the Greeks. Geographic factors made it difficult for Greek people to unite with each other which led to the development of city-states. Important Terms: Important Terms: – Peninsula, irregular coastline Do Now: Do Now: – How does mountainous terrain act as a barrier?

2. Ancient Greece Geography

3. Location Southeastern Europe Southeastern Europe The Greek civilization developed on: The Greek civilization developed on: – Greek Mainland – Aegean Islands – Western coast of Anatolia (Turkey)

4. Islands Many islands in the Ionian Sea and Aegean Sea Many islands in the Ionian Sea and Aegean Sea – Approx. 1,400 – could sail from Greece to Turkey without losing sight of land

5. Greek Mainland Mountainous peninsula Mountainous peninsula – Surrounded by the: Mediterranean Sea Mediterranean Sea Aegean Sea Aegean Sea Ionian Sea Ionian Sea

7. Mainland Mts. covered about ¾ of ancient Greece Mts. covered about ¾ of ancient Greece – Divided the land into different regions Made it difficult to unite Greece Made it difficult to unite Greece Travel overland was difficult Travel overland was difficult

9. Mainland Greek coastline had many natural harbors Greek coastline had many natural harbors – Encouraged seafaring and trade

10. Mainland Southern Greece is dry and rocky Southern Greece is dry and rocky – Limited rainfall – Thin top soil

11. Mainland Small fertile valleys separated by mountains Small fertile valleys separated by mountains – Good farm land was limited – Limited food supply could not sustain large populations Diet based on grains, olives, grapes Diet based on grains, olives, grapes

12. Anatolia Western Turkey Western Turkey Had large fertile river valleys Had large fertile river valleys Greeks called it Ionia Greeks called it Ionia

13. Effects of Geography Coastline and Seas led Greeks to become expert seafarers (sailors) Coastline and Seas led Greeks to become expert seafarers (sailors) Mountainous terrain made it difficult to unify people Mountainous terrain made it difficult to unify people – Led to development of isolated city-states A political unit that includes a town or city and the surrounding farm land A political unit that includes a town or city and the surrounding farm land Polis Polis – Greek name for city-state People were loyal to their city People were loyal to their city

14. Effects of Geography Lack of good farm land and natural resources led Greeks to trade throughout the Mediterranean and establish new colonies Lack of good farm land and natural resources led Greeks to trade throughout the Mediterranean and establish new colonies – Cultural diffusion

16. Points for Discussion Why did the Greeks depend heavily on trade? Why was it hard for Greeks to unite?