1. Geography and Trade on the Arabian Peninsula
History Alive! Chapter 7
Geography and Trade on the Arabian Peninsula

2. Vocabulary Review
Arab
Arabian Peninsula
Islam
Muhammad
Caravan

3. Trade and the Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula was located at the very heart of trade between China, India, Persia, Europe, and Africa. As a result, Arabians became the “middlemen” of medieval trade.

4. Trade by land: caravans
Arabs used camels to carry their goods across the deserts on the Arabian Peninsula.
Camels could go for days without drinking water and could survive the difficult journey.
"Isle of Graia Gulf of Akabah Arabia Petraea“ by Louis Haghe

5. The impact of trade on Arabia
Knowledge
Ideas
Technology
Goods

6. Concept map entry: Impact of trade
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Impact of trade

7. Knowledge: {Mathematics}
Algebra and Trigonometry brought from India
Arabic-Hindu numerals
(10 − x)2 = 81x
x = 101x
Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī

8. Concept map entry:
Knowledge
Mathematics
Impact of trade

9. Knowledge: {Astronomy}
Medieval Arabs used a Ptolemic (Ptolemy was a Roman) concept of the universe to make astronomical observations. They also built several observatories to analyze and observe constellations and planetary movement. They were also influenced by India, China, and Greece.

10. Astronomical instruments
Quadrant
Torquetum

11. Concept map entry:
Knowledge
Mathematics
Impact of trade
Astronomy

12. Knowledge: {Medicine}
Arabs were especially innovative in the area of medicine.
They established many medical schools and hospitals, specialized in optics and blood circulation.
Also, they were the first to refute the European theory of humorism.
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13. Technology: {Engineering}
Watermills, subterranean aquaducts, bridges, dams, canals, and clocks are all unique engineering feats boasted by medieval Arabian culture.
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14. Technology: {Paper and Publishing}
China was the first to manufacture and print on paper (as opposed to parchment).
Arabs in the medieval period learned the process from the Chinese.
This led to the development of libraries and numerous books produced in the Islamic world.
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The Diamond Sutra

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Ideas: {Islam}
As a result of its central location, the religion of Islam was able to spread extensively throughout the world.
It is now one of the most predominant religions in the world.
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16. Add this to your concept map.
Goods
Silks (China)
Jewels, cotton,
spices, (India)
Ivory, gold (Africa)
Glass, gold (Rome)
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17. The End