1. 14-3 Particles of Matter

2. Matter
The term matter describes all of the physical substances around us:
your table, your body, a pencil, water, and so forth

3. Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume)
Made up of different kinds of atoms

4. Matter
Includes all things that can be seen, tasted, smelled, or touched
Does not include heat, sound, or light

5. All matter is made of atoms, the smallest particle of an element

6. Models
Models are often used for things that are too small or too large to be observed or that are too difficult to be understood easily

7. Models
In the case of atoms, scientists use large models to explain something that is very small
Models of the atom were used to explain data or facts that were gathered experimentally.
So, these models are also theories

8. Early Models of the Atom Democritus (440 B.C.)
Universe was made of empty space and tiny pieces of stuff
Tiny pieces of stuff called “ATOMOS”
or “UNCUTTABLE”
Atoms could not be divided
Atom – still used today!

9. Basic Model of the Atom Dalton (1802)
Atoms can’t be broken into smaller pieces
Atoms of the same element are the same
An element always has the same properties
Atoms of different elements are different
Compounds consist of atoms of different elements joined together
compounds split into atoms
Atoms of each element have a unique mass
Masses of elements in a compound are in a set ratio, for example H2O or C6H12O26

10. Atoms & Molecules Today
Elements Combine Compounds
smallest piece smallest piece
Atoms Combine Molecules
Atom:
extremely, extremely, extremely small
Images seen with a scanning, tunneling microscope
Molecule
group of atoms joined together by a chemical bond
act as a single unit
basic particle of a compound