1. Insect Anatomy

2. Classification PhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies

3. Arthropods Spiders, ticks, lobster, centipedes, and insects, among others Spiders, ticks, lobster, centipedes, and insects, among others Insects are members of the Phylum Arthropoda (jointed foot) Insects are members of the Phylum Arthropoda (jointed foot) an estimated 1 Million species of insects exist, of which <0.1% are harmful to plants an estimated 1 Million species of insects exist, of which <0.1% are harmful to plants

4. Why are Arthropods so successful? Adaptability Arthropods

5. Adaptability Specialized appendages Mole crickets, giant water bug, preying mantis Mole crickets, giant water bug, preying mantisgiant water bugpreying mantisgiant water bugpreying mantisArthropods

6. http://www.foxnews.com/science/2013/09 /14/creature-with-interlocking-gears-on- legs/ http://www.foxnews.com/science/2013/09 /14/creature-with-interlocking-gears-on- legs/ http://www.foxnews.com/science/2013/09 /14/creature-with-interlocking-gears-on- legs/ http://www.foxnews.com/science/2013/09 /14/creature-with-interlocking-gears-on- legs/

7. Arthropods Adaptability Exoskeleton (Invertebrates) Proportional strength Proportional strength Proportional strength Proportional strength Protection Protection

8. Body Sections HEAD - THORAX - ABDOMEN

9. Class: Arachnida Spiders Spiders We’ll cover only one spider: mites We’ll cover only one spider: mites Head/thorax (cephalothorax) Head/thorax (cephalothorax) Four pairs of legs Four pairs of legs Abdomen Abdomen

12. Classification Phylum Class: Insecta OrderFamilyGenusSpecies

13. EXOSKELETON Solid outer skeleton Solid outer skeleton Accounts for shape and size Accounts for shape and size Cuticle is outermost layer that conserves moisture Cuticle is outermost layer that conserves moisture

14. Class: Insecta EXOSKELETON How does it grow? Molting: chemical reactions make it flexible, it grows, then hardens again (schlerotization) Molting: chemical reactions make it flexible, it grows, then hardens again (schlerotization) Each molting called instar Each molting called instar (Cicada hatching) (Cicada hatching)Cicada hatchingCicada hatching

16. http://uncovercalifornia.com/content/2119 1-researchers-create-cybernetic-moth http://uncovercalifornia.com/content/2119 1-researchers-create-cybernetic-moth http://uncovercalifornia.com/content/2119 1-researchers-create-cybernetic-moth http://uncovercalifornia.com/content/2119 1-researchers-create-cybernetic-moth

17. HEAD Antennae Sensory organs Sensory organs Food Food

18. HEAD Antennae Sensory organs Sensory organs Pheromones - communication chemicals secreted by insects Pheromones - communication chemicals secreted by insects

19. HEAD Compound eyes (2) Numerous faucets that each have a lens, each singly functional Numerous faucets that each have a lens, each singly functional

20. HEAD Compound eyes (2) Senses color, movement, and, to a lesser extent, distance Senses color, movement, and, to a lesser extent, distance

22. HEAD Simple eyes, Ocelli (1 to 3) Records daily changes in light intensity Records daily changes in light intensity

23. HEAD Mouthparts: Chewing Mouthparts: Chewing Mandibles are often protective Mandibles are often protective

24. HEAD Mouthparts: Chewing Maxilla like appendages Maxilla like appendages

26. HEAD Mouthparts Piercing sucking Piercing sucking Piercing sucking Piercing sucking

27. THORAX Mid-section Mid-section Pro-, meso-, and meta- Pro-, meso-, and meta-

28. THORAX Each segment has a pair of legs Front pair are often greatly modified Front pair are often greatly modified

29. THORAX Caterpillars have prolegs on abdomen Not true legs Not true legs

30. THORAX Wings Meso- and meta- thorax sections Meso- and meta- thorax sections SloMo SloMo SloMo

32. THORAX Wings: Beetles Wings: Beetles Forewings hardened, elytra Forewings hardened, elytra Protection of hind wings Protection of hind wings

33. THORAX Wings: Grasshopper Forewings leathery Forewings leathery Hindwings fly Hindwings fly

34. THORAX Wings: True bugs Forewings, basal portion hardened Forewings, basal portion hardened Hindwings, membranous Hindwings, membranous

35. THORAX Wings: Moths and butterflies Both wings scales Both wings scales

36. ABDOMEN Softest body section Spiracles, openings insect uses to breathe Spiracles, openings insect uses to breathe

37. ABDOMEN Few appendages Ovipositor Ovipositor Ovipositor Laying eggs or stinger Laying eggs or stinger

38. ABDOMEN Few appendages Cerci Cerci Can be sensory organ or protective Can be sensory organ or protective

39. LIFE CYCLES Insects begin life as an Egg Insects begin life as an Egg Some exceptions are live birth, such as Aphids (Viviparous) Some exceptions are live birth, such as Aphids (Viviparous)

40. LIFE CYCLES Complete Metamorphosis Complete Metamorphosis

41. LIFE CYCLES Complete Metamorphosis Larva (immature stage) Damaging stage, feeding heavily on foliage or roots Damaging stage, feeding heavily on foliage or roots Major difference in shape and habit from adult Major difference in shape and habit from adult

42. LIFE CYCLES Complete Metamorphosis Pupae Idle stage, transforming into adult Idle stage, transforming into adult Cocoon vs. chrysalis Cocoon vs. chrysalis

43. LIFE CYCLES Complete Metamorphosis Adult (mature stage) Adults don’t often cause major damage Adults don’t often cause major damage

44. LIFE CYCLES Incomplete Metamorphosis

45. LIFE CYCLES Incomplete Metamorphosis (immature stage) Nymph (immature stage) Differ from adult in size and shape Differ from adult in size and shape Gradual changes Gradual changes Wings undeveloped Wings undeveloped

46. LIFE CYCLES Incomplete Metamorphosis (mature stage) Adult (mature stage) Wings develop Wings develop

47. LIFE CYCLES Incomplete Metamorphosis

48. Microcosmos http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76R2E KEnoJQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76R2E KEnoJQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76R2E KEnoJQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76R2E KEnoJQ