1. Arthropods!!!

2. Arthropods Arthropoda - “jointed legs.
Largest animal phylum; includes insects, spiders shrimp, and centipedes.
Jointed appendages include, legs, antennae, claws, & pinchers.

3. Body Cavity & digestive system; possess mouth & anus.
Open circulatory system w/ a heart
Nervous system is similar to annelids, but with larger brains
Have compound eyes to detect color & motion
Have featherlike gills, book gills or book lungs to respire

4. Skeletal Structure Have an external structure called an exoskeleton.
Made up a protein & a carbohydrate called chitin.
Sheds its exoskeleton as it grows in a process called molting.
Is vulnerable to predators while new exoskeleton hardens

5. Class Insecta Insects are largest invertebrate class.
Three body regions: head, thorax, & abdomen.
Head contains a pair of antennae, eyes, & a mouth.

6. Thorax has 3 pair of jointed legs, & 1 or 2 pair of wings in most species.
Abdomen is divided into 11 segments (No wings or legs attached to abdomen).

7. Only invertebrates capable of flight.
- allows them to find food, home, and mates better and it allows them to escape predators.

8. Possess both simple & compound eyes (detect color and movement).
Antennae are used for touch & smell.
Open circulatory system carries food and waste.
O2 enters and CO2 exits through spiracles (holes) on the abdomen and thorax.

9. Reproduction Reproduce sexually.
Many undergo metamorphosis - series of changes controlled
by hormones.
Two types: Complete & Incomplete.

10. Complete Metamorphosis
Most insects such as: butterflies, beetles, ants, bees, moths & flies develop through complete Metamorphosis.
4 stages: Egg, Larva, Pupa (resting), & Adult.

12. Incomplete Metamorphosis
Grasshoppers, crickets & lice.
Three stages: egg, nymph, adult
Nymph is a wingless version of the adult.

14. The exoskeleton, jointed appendages, and wings allow them to live on land and fly.
Small size allows them to hide from enemies and live in a wide range of environments.

15. Crustaceans
Crabs, crayfish, lobsters, shrimp, barnacles, water fleas, & pill bugs.

16. - Cephalothorax (fusion of head & thorax) & abdomen
- 5 pairs of walking legs, 1st pair are claws.
Tail
Carapace
Abdomen
Cephalothorax
Swimmerets
Mandible
First antenna
Second antenna
Cheliped
Walking legs

18. Lost appendages can be regenerated.
4 others are walking legs. 5 pairs of swimmerets on abdomen help in locomotion & reproduction.
Lost appendages can be regenerated.
Telson is a muscular tail possessed by crayfish, shrimp & lobster.

19. they force water over the gills for breathing.
Possess compound eyes.
One or two antennae
Jaws called mandibles are used for crushing food.
they force water over the gills for breathing.
Important food source for humans.

20. Arachnids Class containing spiders, scorpions, mites, & ticks.
Possess cephalothorax & abdomen.
4 pairs of legs, but lack antennae.

21. Poison glands, stingers, or fangs are used to subdue prey.
Some have a pair of modified appendages (pedipalps) used in feeding & prey capture.
Pedipalp

22. Respiration occurs through spiracles & book lungs.

23. Spiders Poisonous bite paralyzes prey.
Digestive enzymes then liquefy organs, which are drunk later.

32. 2 Poisonous Spiders:
Black widow
Brown recluse

33. Black Widow Latrodectus mactrans - Black Widow.
Red hour glass design on abdomen.

34. - Only females bite are dangerous, extremely poisonous.
Related species:Australian Brown Widow & Japanese Red Widow

36. Brown Recluse
Loxceles reclusa - Brown Recluse.
Southern Spider/ house spider.
Bite causes massive cell destruction.
Related species are dev. potent venom.

41. Scorpions
Pedipalps are enlarged into claws to hold prey to be stung by poisonous tail stinger.
Chew their prey

44. Ticks, Chiggers, & Mites
Parasites that can cause diseases such as Lyme’s Disease (deer tick) & Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (wood or dog tick).

45. Centipedes & Millipedes
many segments
antennae
simple eyes
live on land in moist areas
make nests and stay with eggs until they hatch

46. Centipedes One pair of jointed leg per body segment. Flattened body.
Carnivorous & possess venomous claws.
Quick moving.
segments (always odd)

48. Millipedes Round bodies with 2 pairs of legs per body segment.
Possibly over 100 segments
Feed on dead & decaying plant matter
Roll up in a ball when disturbed.
Some can expel cyanide gas or unpleasant chemicals as a defense mechanism.