1. Livestock and Poultry Sectors in Pakistan Dr. M. Afzal Chairman Pakistan Agricultural Research Council Islamabad

2. Livestock in national economy Livestock in Pak GDP11.4 % Share in agri. GDP53.2 % Livestock in export 8.5 % Dependent families > 8.5 m Provides raw material for industry Social security for rural poor Security against crop failure in barani areas

3. Livestock Population (Million Heads) ProvinceCattle Buffalo Sheep Goat Camel Pakistan (2006) 29.6 27.3 26.5 53.8 0.9 Pakistan (2010) 34.3 30.8 27.8 59.9 1.0 Per cent distribution Khyber Phakhtunkhaw 20 7 13 18 7 Punjab 49 65 24 37 22 Sindh 23 27 15 23 30 Balochistan 8 1 48 22 41 Economic Survey (2009-10) Livestock Census (2006)

4. Livestock Population Trend

5. Number of households reporting livestock (2006) Herd Size CattleBuffaloFlock Size SheepGoat 1-65.204 (84.1) 5.001 (83.4) 1-301.390 (88.9) 6.576 (96.7) 7-150.826 (13.3) 0.843 (14.1) 31-750.119 (7.6) 0.173 (2.5) 16-500.140 (2.3) 0.140 (2.3) 76-3500.050 (3.2) 0.049 (0.7) > 500.018 (0.3) 0.012 (0.2) > 3500.005 (0.3) 0.004 (0.1) Total6.188 (100) 5.996 (100) Total1.564 (100) 6.802 (100) Values in parentheses indicate %age Million Households

6. Herd Size Profile in Pakistan (2006) Herd Size CattleBuffaloFlock Size SheepGoat 1-614.9 (50.3) 14.4 (52.7) 1-309.9 (37.4) 36.2 (67.3) 7-157.7 (26.1) 7.8 (28.6) 31-755.5 (20.8) 7.8 (14.5) 16-503.3 (11.1) 3.2 (11.7) 76-3506.9 (26.0) 6.5 (12.1) > 503.7 (12.5) 1.9 (7.0) > 3504.2 (15.8) 3.3 (6.1) Total29.6 (100) 27.3 (100) Total26.5 (100) 53.8 (100) Million animals Values in parentheses indicate %age

7. Livestock Production Systems Cattle and Buffaloes - Rural Subsistence Small Holdings - Rural Market Oriented Small Holdings - Rural Commercial Farming - Peri-urban/Urban Commercial Dairying - Desert Cattle Farming - Corporate Dairy Farming Sheep and Goats - Nomadic - Transhumant - Sedentary / Household Poultry - Rural (range) Poultry - Intensive Poultry

8. Traditional Rural Poultry Almost every rural household and some urban households raise poultry Poultry Population 73.65 million Contribution to egg production41.6% Contribution to meat production24.3% Breeds: 3 local, 2 imported Hatching: Brooding hens Feeding: Scavengers Important Diseases: Newcastle disease, Fowl cholera, Fowl pox Census 2006

9. Intensive (Commercial) Poultry History –1963-65Beginning of commercial poultry –1970sBroiler and layer farms –1980sBreeders farms, chick quality improvement –1990sGrand parents, better management –2000sEnvironmentally controlled housing, Processing and value chain Status –Share in poultry meat75.7 % –Share in eggs58.4 % –Grand parents5 companies –Breeders6.8 million –Layers25 million –Broilers434 million –Farms25,897 –Hatcheries305 –Feed Mills154

10. Dairy Sub-sector Total milk production (09-10) 36.299 m tons Milk market –Producers (self or direct selling) 68.0 % –Informal market (Gawala operated) 28.5 % –Formal dairy industry 3.5 % Dairy industry –25 out of 49 dairy plants are operational –Main players are Nestle, Engro, Haleeb, Shakargang, Millac –Main products are UHT and Pasteurized milk, Milk powder, Yougurt, Cream, Cheese, etc. –3.0 million litres per day being procurement –Rs 63 million daily going to rural economy

11. Meat Sub-sector Total meat production (09-10) 2.965 million tons –Beef Production 1.655 million tons –Mutton Production 0.603 million tons –Poultry Meat 0.707 million tons Meat market –Butchers operated shops, many slaughter at shops –Main players at slaughter house are “Arties” –Mainly fresh meat selling –A few chilled meat selling modern butcheries started Meat industry –80 % slaughtering done outside out side slaughterhouses –Local governments own and operate slaughter houses, generally rated as unhygienic –11 private sector slaughter houses registered by Animal Quarantine Department and importing countries –Total export is < 0.6 percent of the production –46 casing factories processing guts for export –Bone meal / gelatin also being exported

12. Roles in Livestock Development Federal –National policies, planning & economic coordination –Import/export of animals and animal products and animal quarantine –Research and international coordination –Catalyst for livestock development Provincial –Livestock Development –Veterinary Vaccine Production –Disease surveillance and reporting –Livestock research –Livestock production and health education –Milk and meat quality District –Veterinary Health service (Preventive & Curative) –Breeding services (Artificial insemination) –Animal slaughtering –Livestock Markets

13. Veterinary Institutions in Pakistan RegionVet faculty Res/Vac Inst. HospitalDispens aries Vet. Centres Labs Punjab615301213171328 Sindh12119606087 NWFP21983632187 Baloch.11116783-15 AJK1-59661296 NA--12165-7 FATA--252122071 ICT-147-1 Total1169632869287572

14. Production Institutions in Pakistan RegionTeach faculty Research Institute Tech Trg Ins SP + AI centres Farm (L+P) Ext Centre Punjab6426+83522+9- Sindh1122+765+14- KPK1113+331*5+3- Baloch.1111+6414+18- AJK11-381+4184 NA---1+4- FATA---1+118+1- ICT---+11-1 Total108613+147348+53185

15. Livestock Development Constraints Inadequate feed resources (short by 30%) Widespread breeding of genetically inferior livestock Epidemics of infectious diseases Poor marketing infrastructure Inadequate institutional infrastructure Outdated regulatory framework Limited credit availability to the livestock farmers (1/10 of agricultural credit) Low investment by government

16. Livestock Development Policy Vision Promoting livestock to provide safe and quality products at competitive prices, covering entire value chain with focus on market and poverty reduction Policy Private sector led development with public sector providing enabling environment Strategy –Private sector led –Increase in productivity –Moving from subsistence farming to market- oriented and commercial farming –Covering entire value chain

17. Poultry Development Policy Vision Supply of wholesome poultry meat, eggs and value added products to the domestic and international markets at competitive prices Policy Facilitate and support private sector-led development for sustainable poultry products Strategy –Hi-tech intensive poultry production –Processing and value addition –Improving bio-security –Disease control and genetic improvement in rural poultry