1. The Plant Kingdom
All plants contain the green pigment chlorophyll which they use for photosynthesis.
The plant kingdom is divided into two major groups: the non-flowering plants and the flowering plants
Non-flowering plants do not produce flowers.
Non-flowering plants are subdivided into algae, fungi, mosses, ferns and gymnosperms

2. Plant Kingdom
Organization Chart of the plant kingdom

3. Non-flowering plants Algae (Sing: alga)
Simple plants without roots, stems or leaves.
All contain chlorophyll and other pigments for photosynthesis.
Most of them are green, while some are red or brown.
Mainly live in water (aquatic).

4. Non-flowering plants Algae (Sing: alga)
Simple plants without roots, stems or leaves.
All contain chlorophyll and other pigments for photosynthesis.
Most of them are green, while some are red or brown.
Mainly live in water (aquatic).

5. Non-flowering plants
Algae

6. Non-flowering plants Fungi (Sing: fungus)
Do not have roots, stems or leaves.
They are made up of a network of fine filaments called hyphae (菌絲).
No chlorophyll present, so they cannot carry out photosynthesis.
They are saprophytic (腐生), feed on dead organic matter or parasitic (寄生) on other living organism.

7. Non-flowering plants
Fungi

8. Non-flowering plants Mosses
Small green plants that have simple stems and leaves but no true roots and vascular tissues.
Found mainly in damp places.
Attached to the ground by means of structures called rhizoid.

9. Non-flowering plants
Mosses

10. Non-flowering plants Ferns Have true roots, stems or leaves (green).
Found mainly in damp and shady places.
Have vascular tissues for transportation of water, mineral salts and food substances.
Reproduce and disperse by means of spores

11. Non-flowering plants
Ferns

12. Non-flowering plants Gymnosperm
Large evergreen trees (woody) with roots, stems and needle-shaped leaves but no real flowers.
Have vascular tissues for transporting various substances.
With seeds growing inside cones for reproduction.

13. Non-flowering plants
Gymnosperm

14. Flowering plants Green plants with roots, stems and leaves.
Have vascular tissues for transporting various substances.
Produce flowers and develop into fruits, with the seeds enclosed inside after fertilization.

15. Flowering plants
Lotus
Bauhinia