1. MRSA—Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Mr. Wilburn, Maria Jimenez, Tiana Mason, Jennifer Tertulien, & Greg Otte

2. MRSA Infection

3. Table of Contents 1. What is MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus)? 2. What causes the MRSA? 3. Who’s at risk? 4. Symptoms 5. Treatment 6. Prevention 7. Statistics/Research 8. Pertinent Information 9. References 10. Quiz

4. What is MRSA-Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus? A chronic infectious disease A chronic infectious disease MRSA refers to a type of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) that is resistant to many antibiotics. MRSA refers to a type of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) that is resistant to many antibiotics. It is a common cause of hospital-acquired infections. It is also found on many individuals skin and seems to cause no major problems. It is a common cause of hospital-acquired infections. It is also found on many individuals skin and seems to cause no major problems. If it gets inside the body, for instance under the skin or into the lungs, it can cause infections such as boils or pneumonia. If it gets inside the body, for instance under the skin or into the lungs, it can cause infections such as boils or pneumonia.

5. What causes the MRSA? The bacteria is generally spread through direct contact with the hands of a health care worker or patient who is infected or carrying the organism. Individuals can become carriers of MRSA in the same way that they can become a carrier by physical contact with the organism. If the organism is on the skin then it can be passed around by physical contact. If the organism is in the nose or is associated with the lungs rather than the skin then it may be passed around by droplet spread from the mouth

6. Who’s at risk? Anyone can get MRSA, but it is found most often in hospitalized patients. Anyone can get MRSA, but it is found most often in hospitalized patients. Individuals who carry this organism are usually totally healthy, have minimal health problems whatsoever and are considered simply to be carriers of the organism. Individuals who carry this organism are usually totally healthy, have minimal health problems whatsoever and are considered simply to be carriers of the organism. People with poor hygiene People with poor hygiene Youth Youth People who participate in contact sports People who participate in contact sports

7. Symptoms Redness Redness Swelling Swelling Tenderness around the area of the cut Tenderness around the area of the cut The next slide may be hard to see, if you have a weak stomach, close your eyes… The next slide may be hard to see, if you have a weak stomach, close your eyes…

8. Pictures of MRSA

9. Treatment MRSA cannot be effectively treated with antibiotics such as methicillin, nafcillin, cephalosporin or penicillin. MRSA cannot be effectively treated with antibiotics such as methicillin, nafcillin, cephalosporin or penicillin. It can usually be treated with an antibiotic called vancomycin. It can usually be treated with an antibiotic called vancomycin.

10. Prevention (Primary) Terminal Cleaning Terminal Cleaning Sanitation Sanitation Washing your hands Washing your hands Avoid unnecessary antibiotics Avoid unnecessary antibiotics Avoid skin-to-skin contact Avoid skin-to-skin contact Cover openings or cuts in skin Cover openings or cuts in skin Avoid contaminated surfaces Avoid contaminated surfaces Avoid Crowed living conditions( ex. prisons or hospitals) Avoid Crowed living conditions( ex. prisons or hospitals)

11. Secondary Prevention Visit your doctor for regular check-ups and to diagnose early Visit your doctor for regular check-ups and to diagnose early

12. Tertiary Prevention Use a more potent antibiotic to treat Use a more potent antibiotic to treat Amputate infected area Amputate infected area Stay away from others Stay away from others

14. Statistics/Research Study led by the CDC, October 17, 2007, figures suggest that MRSA infections are responsible for more deaths in the U.S. each year than AIDS. Study led by the CDC, October 17, 2007, figures suggest that MRSA infections are responsible for more deaths in the U.S. each year than AIDS. A 2008 study indicated that MRSA may be a sexually transmitted disease among gay men. A 2008 study indicated that MRSA may be a sexually transmitted disease among gay men. MRSA causes as many as 20% of Staphylococcus aureus infections in populations that use intravenous drugs MRSA causes as many as 20% of Staphylococcus aureus infections in populations that use intravenous drugs MRSA is also becoming a problem in pediatric settings, including hospital nurseries MRSA is also becoming a problem in pediatric settings, including hospital nurseries

15. References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methicillin- resistant_Staphylococcus_aureus http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methicillin- resistant_Staphylococcus_aureus http://www.link.med.ed.ac.uk/ridu/Mrsa.htm http://www.link.med.ed.ac.uk/ridu/Mrsa.htm http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/st aphylococcus_aureus/methicillin_resistant/fact_sheet.ht m http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/st aphylococcus_aureus/methicillin_resistant/fact_sheet.ht m http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and- treatments/understanding-mrsa-prevention http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and- treatments/understanding-mrsa-prevention http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/ar_MRSA.html http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/ar_MRSA.html http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/st aphylococcus_aureus/methicillin_resistant/fact_sheet.ht m http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/st aphylococcus_aureus/methicillin_resistant/fact_sheet.ht m

16. Quiz Q: What three major groups of people that can catch MRSA? Q: What three major groups of people that can catch MRSA? A: Hospital patients, athletes, children A: Hospital patients, athletes, children Q: Name two of the symptoms that a person may get if they are a carrier of MRSA. Q: Name two of the symptoms that a person may get if they are a carrier of MRSA. A: Redness, swelling, tenderness around infected area A: Redness, swelling, tenderness around infected area Q: What type of disease is MRSA (chronic infectious or chronic noninfectious)? Q: What type of disease is MRSA (chronic infectious or chronic noninfectious)? A: Chronic Infectious A: Chronic Infectious Q: Can MRSA be cured? Q: Can MRSA be cured? A: Yes!!! It’s a bacteria and it’s curable with potent antibiotics. A: Yes!!! It’s a bacteria and it’s curable with potent antibiotics. Q: What are three ways to prevent the spread of MRSA? Q: What are three ways to prevent the spread of MRSA? A: Stay away from infected people, wash your hands (keep yourself clean, & strengthen your immune system by exercising regularly and eating a healthy, balanced diet. Do it! A: Stay away from infected people, wash your hands (keep yourself clean, & strengthen your immune system by exercising regularly and eating a healthy, balanced diet. Do it!