1. PRELAB 4
PHARMACEUTICS II By
Mohamad Naseef

2. Prelab. 4 Problems: Conversions Preparations: Peppermint water
Ca lactate
Suspension Mist alba

3. Conversions p.15 Equivalents of length 1 M. 39.37 in. 1 in. 2.54 cm.
Equivalents of volume
1 ml.
16.23 m
1 m
0.06 ml.
1 f ℨ
3.69 ml.
1 f ℥
29.57 ml
1 pt.
473 ml
1 gal. (U.S.)
3785 ml
Equivalents of Weight
1 g.
gr.
1 k.g.
2.2 lb. (avoir)
1 gr.
0.065 g. or 65 mg.
1 oz.(avoir)
28.35g.
1 ℥
31.1 g.
1 lb. (avoir)
454 g.
1 lb. (apoth.)
373.2 g.
Other Equivalents
1 oz. (avoir.)
437.5 gr.
480 gr.
128 f ℥
1 f ℥ (water)
455 gr.
Conversions
p.15

4. 2) The dose of a drug is 1/10 gr. per kg. of body weight
2) The dose of a drug is 1/10 gr. per kg. of body weight. How many milligrams should be given to a person weighing 154 lb.?
1 kg  2.2 lb
??  154 lb
Wt of the person =1x154/2.2 = 70 kg
1/10 gr  1 kg ?? gr  70 kg
The dose for this person = 70 x 1/10 =7 gr.
1 gr  65 mg 7 gr  ?? mg
the required dose = 65 x 7 = 455 mg

5. AROMATIC WATERS Peppermint Water Rx Peppermint oil 0.2 ml Uses:
Talc g
Water to ml
Uses:
carminative and flavoured vehicle
The Peppermint Water
[E.P.]

6. PEPPERMINT WATER Add Talc + 4 drops of oil and levigateRx
Peppermint oil ml
Talc g
Water to ml
PEPPERMINT WATER
Add Talc + 4 drops of oil and levigate
Add 70 ml water
Rinse with 30 ml
Transfer to bottle
Shake for 10 min
Leave for 5 min
Filter on filter paper
Transfer to cup measure and adjust volume

7. The role of Talc:
Distributing agent  expose oil to solvent action of water due to large surface area.
(2) Filter aid  adsorb excess oil.

8. Ca lactate should be freshly prepared SOLUTION BY CHEMICAL REACTION
CALCIUM LACTATE Rx
Calci Lactatis Recentis Ʒi
Syrup Auranti Ʒiii
Aqua ad ℥iii
Fiat: Mistura
Sig: Cochlearia magna duo bis in die sumenda
used as
source of Ca for children
Ca lactate
Orange syrup
Water ?
Ca lactate should be freshly prepared
CaCO 3 + Lactic acid
SOLUTION BY CHEMICAL REACTION
 No sour milk odor
 Good solubility

9. 2 lactic acid + CaCO3 = Ca lactate + CO2 + H2O
CALCIUM LACTATE Rx
Calci Lactatis Recentis Ʒi
Syrup Auranti Ʒiii
Aqua ad ℥iii
Fiat: Mistura
Sig: Cochlearia magna duo bis in die sumenda
= 4 X 1 = 4 g
Ca lactate
= 3 X 4 = 12 ml
Orange syrup
= 3 X 30 = 90 ml
Water
Calculation:
2 lactic acid CaCO3 = Ca lactate CO H2O
M.wt.
2 X 90
100
308 ?? ??
100 g
Lactic acid contains lactic acid 87.5% (w/w) + lactide (dimer of lactic acid)
actual
bottle
87.5 g
100 g /
1.2
55.2 ml
58.44 g ??

10. 2 lactic acid + CaCO3 = Ca lactate + CO2 + H2O
CALCIUM LACTATE Rx
Calci Lactatis Recentis Ʒi
Syrup Auranti Ʒiii
Aqua ad ℥iii
Fiat: Mistura
Sig: Cochlearia magna duo bis in die sumenda
= 4 X 1 = 4 g
Ca lactate
= 3 X 4 = 12 ml
Orange syrup
= 3 X 30 = 90 ml
Water
Calculation:
2 lactic acid CaCO3 = Ca lactate CO H2O
M.wt.
2 X 90
100
308 ?? ??
100 g
= 32.4 g
= 4o g
xss

11. CALCIUM LACTATE Ca lactate Orange syrup Water b.d.s. = twice dailyRx
Calci Lactatis Recentis Ʒi
Syrup Auranti Ʒiii
Aqua ad ℥iii
Fiat: Mistura
Sig: Cochlearia magna duo bis in die sumenda
= 4 X 1 = 4 g
Ca lactate
= 3 X 4 = 12 ml
= 3 X 30 = 90 ml
Orange syrup
Water
b.d.s. = twice daily
2 TABLESPOONFULS = 2 X 15 ml = 30 ml = One coffeecupful
Calculation:
Lactic acid:
100 g Ca lactate  55.2 ml lactic acid
4 g  x
Lactic acid = 4 X 55.2 / 100 = 2.2 ml
100 g Ca lactate needs 40 g CaCO3 and 55.2 ml lactic acid
CaCO3:
100 g Ca lactate  40 g CaCO3
4 g  x
CaCO3 =40 X 4 / 100 = 1.6 g
The Mixture
One coffeecupful to be taken twice daily.

12. Preparation: In the flask: 2.2 ml lactic acid 1.6 g CaCO3 60 ml water
Boil for 15 minutes (3 precautions )
Filter on filter paper
cool
Add syrup auranti
Transfer to cup measure
Complete volume to 90 ml

13. 2 lactic acid + CaCO3 = Ca lactate + CO2 + H2O
CALCIUM LACTATE
2 lactic acid CaCO3 = Ca lactate CO H2O
Lactide on storage hydrolysis  lactic acid which is of sour taste
we must change all lactide to lactic acid then add CaCO3  Ca Lactate by:
1) Diluting lactic acid with water
2) Boil for 15 min (heat break lactide to lactic acid).
3) Add excess CaCO3 (convert any lactic acid from lactide hydrolysis to Ca lactate)
Storage effect (Commercial form have objectionable odor of sour milk:)
1) Lactide (hydrolysis)  lactic acid sour taste & bad odor.
2) Solubility decrease.
Lactic acid contains lactic acid 87.5% (w/w) + lactide (dimer of lactic acid)

14. SUSPENSIONS

15. Mist alba Rx Magnesium sulphate 5 g X 4 Light magnesium carbonate 1 g
Peppermint water to ml
Fiat: Mist
Sig.: 15 ml o.m.
X 4
20 g
4 g
60 ml
Mitte: iv doses
Factor = 4

16. Use: Laxative and antacid in liver cirrhosisRx
Magnesium sulphate g
Light magnesium carbonate 1 g
Peppermint water to ml
Fiat: Mist
Sig.: 15 ml o.m.
Use: Laxative and antacid in liver cirrhosis
Preparation:
Grind MgSO4 in mortar
Add MgCO3 in mortar
Add peppermint water till pourable
Rinse mortar with a LITTLE of peppermint water
Continue volume with peppermint water
Transfer to cup measure

17. Shake The Bottle
The Mixture
One tablespoonful to be taken every morning.

18. TAKE CARE!!!!!!!!!!!!
Light magnesium carbonate is self- diffusable & suspending so, NO need for suspending agent