1. Ionic Bonding

2. Elements Goal = Stability
Elements want to be stable
In order to be stable they need to fill their outermost energy level completely
“Complete its octet” (oct meaning 8)
When outer level is filled
No Charge = Stable
When outer level is not filled
Charge = Unstable

3. How do we figure out and elements charge?
Charge is determined by how many electrons they need to gain or lose to complete their outer level
Every element in a group has the same charge
Example: All Halogens are -1
Logical Order
Group 1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18
Charge +1 +2 +3
+/- 4 -3 -2 -1

4. Add the following charges to the triangles at the bottom of your periodic table

5. Lets look at Magnesium. What is its charge?
Lets look at Sulfur. What is its charge?

6. How can elements complete their octet?
2 Ways
Ionic bonds
One element gives/takes electron from another element
Covalent Bonds
Two elements share electrons
1. The two extreme cases of chemical bonds are covalent bonds and ionic bonds. 2. When one or more pairs of electrons are shared by two atoms, a covalent bond is created. 3. An ionic bond is a bond in which one or more electrons from an atom are removed and attached to another atom, resulting in positive and negative ions which attract eachother. 4.

7. Ionic Bonds
Bond in which one or more electrons from one atom are removed and attached to another atom.
It is when atoms transfer electrons
One element gives electron
One element takes electron

8. How does ionic bonding work?
Ionic Bonds occur between metals and nonmetals
Opposite charges are going to attract
Their charges will cancel out and become 0
0 = Stable
Example:
= 0

9. Lets look at an example
Why does NaCl work as an ionic bond?

10. Na Cl-1
Opposites Attract
*NaCl*
Neutral and stable

12. How does the sharing work?
Na has the 1 lone electron to share in its outermost level
Cl needs 1 to complete its octet
Na will give 1 electron to Cl

13. Ionic Bonding Problems
Step 1: Draw Lewis Dot Diagrams; Draw an arrow showing where the electron is moved
Step 2: Rewrite the elements with their charges
Step 3: Write the final compound
Step 4: Write the name of the compound

14. Naming Ionic Compounds
When you name a compound, you first put the metal and then the nonmetal.
The nonmetal word would end in “-ide” instead of whatever it normally ends in
So combining Na and Cl would be
SODIUM CHLORIDE

15. Ionic Bonding Problem: Sodium and Sulfur
Step 1: Write Lewis dot with arrow
Step 2: Write charges
Step 3: Write Final Compound
Step 4: Write Name

16. Example: Sodium and Sulfur
Step 1
Step 2
Na S-2
Na+1
Step 3
Na2S
Step 4 : Sodium Sulfide