1. Democratic Developments in England
Section 1.5

2. Objective
To understand how England transition from feudalism to a constitutional monarchy

3. I. Growth of Royal Power Feudalism During the middle ages:
Feudalism- a loosely organized system of gov. among greater and lesser lords
William the Conqueror- took over England in 1066, made all lord swear fealty directly to him
Census and efficient tax collecting system increase royal wealth and authority.
Feudalism

4. I. Growth of Royal Power Henry II-expanded legal system Henry II
common law- a legal system based on custom and previous court decisions
Standardized crimes and punishments.
Jury trials
Henry II

5. II. Evolving Traditions of Government
1215 King John abused his power and nobles revolted and made him sign the Magna Carta
Magna Carta: document that makes rule of law a key principle of government, nobles had certain rights •
Magna Carta

6. II. Evolving Traditions of Government
The “Great Council” evolves into Parliament- England’s Legislature
Parliament wins the right to approve new taxes, which limits the power of the king.
Houses of Parliament, London, England

7. III. The Royal Challenge
James I
Religious intolerance
Ruled with absolute authority
Ignored parliament
Charles I
Imprisoned foes w/o trial
Forced to summon parliament to raise taxes
Parliament forces him to sign the petition of rights, which he later ignores
Charles I

8. IV. Triumph of Parliament
Parliament revolts against Charles I.
Oliver Cromwell’s (Parliament’s) army defeats the king’s troops in the English Civil War.

9. IV. Triumph of Parliament
Parliament abolishes (gets rid of) the monarchy, and Parliament declares England a republic, known as the “Commonwealth”
Cromwell become a dictator
Oliver Cromwell

10. V. Glorious Revolution
After Cromwell (and some other stuff) the Parliament invited William and Mary of Orange to come take the throne
They had to sign the English Bill of Rights before taking the throne.
RESULT: Parliament was now more powerful than the King
William and Mary

11. 1.5 Questions
1. What new practices did strong monarchs introduce in England?
2.How did the English Parliament limit the power of the monarch before the civil war?
3.Who was Oliver Cromwell? How does he compare to Charles I?
4. What three important documents in this section? Describe each.