1. The Mogollon, the Anasazi, and the Hohokam
Adaptations and Alterations Made for Survival

3. The Mogollon ~1 a.d. – 1450 a.d.

5. Mogollon Habitat Mountain and desert dwellers Gila River Country
Mimbres River
San Francisco River

6. Mountain dwellers Desert dwellers
Mogollon Habitat
Mountain dwellers Desert dwellers
blm.gov/az

7. Mogollon Habitat
Gila River Country
blm.gov/az

8. Mimbres & San Francisco Rivers
Mogollon Habitat
Mimbres & San Francisco Rivers
nmsu.edu

9. How the Mogollon got food and other goods
Hunter-Gatherers: bighorn sheep, elk, mule deer, white-tail deer, antelope, beaver, badger, jackrabbits, cottontails, turkeys
Farmers: corn, beans, squash, cotton
Traders: traded with people from the coast for shells and pots

10. How the Mogollon got food and other goods Hunter-Gatherers
blm.gov

11. How the Mogollon got food and other goods Farmers
Corn
Squash
blog.usa.gov

12. How the Mogollon got food and other goods Traders
statemuseum.arizona.edu

13. Mogollon Artifacts spear points stone knives
grinding bones (deer, rabbit, squirrel, gopher, prairie dog, badger, pronghorn and mountain sheep)

14. Mogollon Artifacts Spear Points, Stone Knives
statemuseum.arizona.edu

15. Mogollon Artifacts Bones
blm.gov

16. More Artifacts
Pottery Brown or red before 900 a.d. Mimbres (black on white) in 900 a.d.
Stone axes ground on 3 sides
Shell pendants, bone hairpins

17. Artifacts Mimbres Pottery
Blm.gov
statemuseum.arizona.edu
Nps.gov

18. Artifacts Stone Axes
Nps.gov

19. Artifacts Shell Pendants, Hair Pins
statemuseum.arizona.edu

20. Mogollon Adaptations and Alterations 1. Totally relied on environment 2. Followed seasons

21. Mogollon Adaptations and Alterations May have left area due to climate change or drought which would lead to food shortages

22. Mogollon Ruins. Gila Cliff Dwelling. Kinishba Pueblo. Grasshopper
Mogollon Ruins Gila Cliff Dwelling Kinishba Pueblo Grasshopper Q Ranch Pueblo Point of Pines Pueblo

23. Mogollon Ruins Gila Cliff Dwellings
nps.gov

24. Mogollon Ruins Kinishba Pueblo
Nps.gov

25. The Anasazi ~100 a.d a.d.

27. Anasazi Habitat Stone architecture Cliff dwellings or pueblos
Kiva built in center of plaza
-underground
-for ceremonies
-with benches

28. Anasazi Habitat Cliff dwellings or pueblos
nps.gov

29. Kiva: A chamber, built wholly or partly underground, used for religious rites.

30. How the Anasazi got food and other goods
Farmers: corn or maize, squash
Hunter-Gatherers: rabbit, deer, prairie dogs
Basket makers

31. How the Anasazi got food and other goods Farmers
usda.gov
blog.usa.gov

32. How the Anasazi got food and other goods Hunter-Gatherers
blm.gov

33. How the Anasazi got food and other goods Basket Makers
Nps.gov

34. Anasazi Artifacts Pottery (learned from the Mogollon)
Squash gourds for water
Baskets
Stone tools – spear, throwing stick
Digging sticks

35. Artifacts Pottery
Loc.gov

36. Artifacts Squash gourds for water
The gourds used to store water would have looked something like this. Nps.gov

37. Anasazi Artifacts Baskets
Nps.gov

38. Anasazi Artifacts Stone tools
Throwing Sticks
and Spears
Nps.gov

39. Anasazi Artifacts Digging Sticks
Can you imagine
using a stick to dig
a hole to plant a
seed in order to get
food?

40. Anasazi Adaptations and Alterations
1. Carried water from source to village
2. Built homes in cliffs for protection from elements and enemies
3. Built homes facing south for heat in winter

41. Anasazi Adaptations and Alterations
nps.gov

42. Anasazi Adaptations and Alterations
What may have happened to them?
Drought
Enemies invaded
Internal conflict

43. Anasazi Ruins
Mesa Verde
Canyon de Chelly
Kayenta

44. Anasazi Ruins Mesa Verde
usgs.gov

45. Anasazi Ruins Canyon de Chelly
nasa.gov

46. The Hohokam ~1 a.d. – 1450 a.d.

48. Hohokam Habitat Sonoran Desert by rivers Made homes of ‘jacal’ (adobe)
Villages built around plaza

49. Hohokam Habitat
Hohokam adobe dwelling
Nps.gov

50. How the Hohokam got food and other goods Farmers: corn, beans, cotton, agave, and squash Hunter-Gatherers

51. How the Hohokam got food and other goods Farmers
Corn
Agave
Cotton
Virginia.gov
usda.gov
usda.gov

52. How the Hohokam got food and other goods Hunter-Gatherers
Blm.gov
fws.gov
Mo.gov
Rabbits
Prairie dogs
Deer

53. Hohokam artifacts found Pottery--Red on Buff(Beige) Shell ornaments Stone tools

54. Hohokam Artifacts Pottery – Red on Buff
statemuseum.arizona.edu

55. Artifacts Shell ornaments
statemuseum.arizona.edu

56. Artifacts Stone tools
statemuseum.arizona.edu

57. Hohokam Adaptations and Alterations 1. Moved from desert in
Hohokam Adaptations and Alterations 1. Moved from desert in summer to foothills, then back to desert in winter 2. Built over 300 miles of canals to irrigate crops

58. Hohokam Adaptations and Alterations Canal system--Old and New
waterhistory.org

59. Adaptations and Alterations May have left due to:. drought. floods
Adaptations and Alterations May have left due to: drought floods climate change

60. Hohokam Ruins Casa Grande Snaketown

61. Hohokam Ruins Casa Grande
nps.gov

62. Hohokam Ruins Snaketown
statemuseum.arizona.edu