1. LATINO EDUCATION AND THE FUTURE OF THE UNITED STATES National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials 6th Annual National Summit on the State of Latino Education Sept 27-29, 2010 Paul E. Lingenfelter, President

2. Differences in College Attainment Between Younger & Older Adults—U.S. & OECD Countries, 2006 2 Source: OECD. Table A1. 3a. Education at a Glance, 2008

3. Jobs in the last 4 decades increasingly have required postsecondary education Source: Current Population Survey, Various years.

4. Education and the U.S. Labor Force, 1973-2018 Source: US Census Bureau, CPS, 1973 & 2009; Anthony Carnevale, Help Wanted: Projections of jobs and Education Requirements Through 2018, June 2010 Jobs (in millions)

5. Challenges: College participation by socioeconomic status College Participation By Achievement Test and Socioeconomic Status Quartile SES Quartile LowestHighest Achievement Quartile Highest78%97% Lowest36%77% Source: Access Denied, Department of Education, February 2001.

6. Challenges: Degree attainment by SAT scores and socioeconomic status Source: Anthony Carnevale, Liberal Education, Fall 2008, p. 58.

7. Latinos in a national context Source: Chronicle Analysis U.S Department of Education Digest of Education Statistics; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division; NCES Education Projections to 2018 1998-2008 Enrollment Growth Latino Percent of Population and Enrollment 2008-2018

8. WICHE Projections of High School Graduates Source: WICHE, Knocking at the College Door: Projections of High School Graduates by State and Race/Ethnicity 1992-2022. 2008. Latino high school graduate population will grow substantially in Western and Southern states

9. WICHE Projections of High School Graduates Source: WICHE, Knocking at the College Door: Projections of High School Graduates by State and Race/Ethnicity 1992-2022. 2008. Latino high school graduate population will not be as dramatic in Midwestern and Northeastern states

10. Latino High School Seniors (2008-09) Source: U.S. Department of Education, Common Core of Data, 2009

11. Out of 100… White Kindergartners Black Kindergartners Latino Kindergartners Graduate from high school or get a GED 948868 Complete at least some college 675136 Obtain at least a Bachelor's degree 372012 Source: The Education Trust. Analysis of U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. March Current Population Surveys, 1971-2008, in The Condition of Education, 2009.

12. Composition of Total State Expenditures by Function, Fiscal 1987 - 2008 Source: National Association of State Budget Officers, 2008 State Expenditure Report

13. State General Fund Expenditures, FY 1990 & 2008 Source: National Association of State Budget Officers, 1990 & 2008 State Expenditure Report

14. Utah Montana New Hampshire Delaware New Jersey Maine Maryland Massachusetts Wisconsin Vermont Ohio North Dakota Connecticut Kansas Arkansas Virginia Nebraska Oklahoma Minnesota Colorado West Virginia Kentucky Michigan Arizona New York Georgia Hawaii Illinois Pennsylvania Alaska Rhode Island United States New Mexico California Iowa Indiana North Carolina Florida Idaho South Carolina South Dakota Missouri Washington Oregon Texas Nevada Tennessee Mississippi Louisiana Alabama Source: NCHEMS; Don Boyd (Rockefeller Institute of Government), 2005. Projected state and local budget deficits as a percent of revenues, 2013

15. Composition of Spending as a Share of GDP Assuming Discretionary Spending Grows with GDP after 2005 and All Expiring Tax Provisions are Extended Federal Budget – Comptroller General

16. National Academy of Public Administration

17. Note: Net tuition revenue used for capital debt service are included in the above figures. Constant 2009 dollars adjusted by SHEEO Higher Education Cost Adjustment (HECA). Source: SSDB Public FTE Enrollment and Education Appropriations per FTE, U.S., Fiscal 1985-2009

18. Note: Net tuition revenue used for capital debt service is included in net tuition revenue, but excluded from total educational revenue in calculating the above figures. Source: SSDB Net Tuition as a Percent of Public Higher Education Total Education Revenue, U.S., Fiscal 1984-2009

19. Distribution: $/FTE and Enrollments Full Educational Cost per FTE Student (in 2006 dollars)

20. % Growth in Appropriations per FTE 1994 to 2009 constant 2009 dollars Source: SSDB and SHEEO SHEF FY 2009 Notes: All constant 2009 dollars have been adjusted by the Higher Education Cost Adjustment, EMI and COLA 2009 State and Local Support and Educational Appropriations include about $2.3 billion of ARRA Funds

21. % Change in Total Revenue per FTE, 1994-2009 constant 2009 dollars Source: SSDB and SHEEO SHEF FY 2009 Notes: All constant 2009 dollars have been adjusted by the Higher Education Cost Adjustment, EMI and COLA 2009 State and Local Support and Educational Appropriations include about $2.3 billion of ARRA Funds

22. Cost per FTE by Carnegie Grouping, 2007 (public institutions) Source: SHEEO, Degree Production and Cost Trends; A National Analysis, 2010

23. Cost per Degree by Carnegie Grouping, 2007 (public institutions) Source: SHEEO, Degree Production and Cost Trends; A National Analysis, 2010

24. Wrong Ideas about Money  There is a “right” amount  The only way to get better results is spend more money  We can get the results we need without spending more money

25. Right Questions about Money  What do we need from higher education?  What can we do better with the money we have?  What do we need that justifies additional funds?

26. It takes more than money…  Support K-12 Common Core State Standards for Math and English  Insist that postsecondary institutions set ambitious goals to increase the number of students completing degrees and certificates  Encourage students to study full-time or nearly full-time. Too much work while pursuing postsecondary education is a poison pill  Support higher tuition in community colleges in California, while insisting on sufficient state and federal student aid and user-friendly application processes.

27. Contact Information Paul Lingenfelter President, SHEEO paul@SHEEO.org (303) 541-1605 SHEEO, the national association of state-wide higher education executives, focuses on public policy for higher education in the U.S. It was founded in 1954.