1. Sonja Ohm Kevin Jachymowski
The Tundra Biome
Sonja Ohm
Kevin Jachymowski

2. General Description - Location
Located on in the Northern Hemisphere
Covers about 1/5 of the Earths land surface
Arctic Tundra is a place of barren land, that sometimes is grassland
The sun barely shines in the winter and almost never sets in the Summer because of the Earth’s Tilt

3. General Description Temperature
Temperature is always cold – Never reaches above 25 degrees Celsius
Summer only lasts for 6-10 weeks, with a growing season of 50 days
Avg Yearly Temp is Degrees F
Avg. Temps for Fairbanks, AK and Nuuk, Greenland

4. General Description - Rainfall
Avg. yearly rainfall for Fairbanks AK, and Nuuk, Greenland
Not much rainfall at all, around 6-10 inches per year
Most Rainfall occurs in late summer

5. Polar Bears and the Arctic Wolf are the top predators
Food Web
Polar Bears and the Arctic Wolf are the top predators
Primary Photosynthesizes: Arctic Moss, Bearberry, Caribou Moss, Diamond-leaf Willow
Who Eats the Plants: (Herbivores) Musk Ox, Arctic Hare, Lemmings, Caribou, and Pikas
Who eats the animals that eat the plants: (Carnivores) Arctic Fox eat the Pikas along with the Lemmings. Snowy Owl, Coyotes and River Otters.
Who is a carnivore: (Scavenger) (eats anything) Ermine, Arctic Fox and Wolverines. Wolverines may be small but they are very strong. They can catch animals that are much bigger than themselves to eat.
Top Predator: Arctic wolf and the polar Bear along with Arctic Fox along with Coyotes.

6. Adaptations
Ermine: It’s claws allow it to dig easily into the ground. The coat of the Ermine changes with the seasons to camouflage it from its predators
Polar Bear: Has two layers fur to keep it warm in the harsh climate
Caribou: has large spreading hooves to support them in the snow in the winter and the marshy tundra in the summer.

7. More Animal Adaptations
Snowy Owl: Dense white feathers to keep them warm and also to provide camouflage in the snow
Rock Ptarmigan: seasonally camouflaged to prevent it from being attacked by predators.

8. Plant Adaptations
Bearberry: Low growing plant that can stay out of wind chill and also has leathery leaves to protect it from the cold

9. Geological Feature Permafrost
Ground that is frozen for at least two years
Is formed when water is frozen within the ground
Permafrost can reshape the land thought slight thawing and freezing
Can stay frozen all summer long
Process when melting The sun heats the topsoil, but is not hot enough to heat up permanently frozen ground. As a result there are massive swamplands that slosh above the frozen ground.
A jackhammer must be used to dig into the soil