1. Community Networking: Getting Peer to Peer out of Prison Marie-José Montpetit Eng. Ph.D. Motorola H&NM Technology Office

2. Page 2 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 2 P2P? “Peer-to-peer (P2P) is a type of transient Internet network that allows a group of users with the same networking program to connect directly with each other to provide a certain service (originally file access but now voice, remote execution etc.)” (from whatis.com)  P2P is a “loaded” word that really defines how a community of users shares resources –Move from “thiefs” to “collaborators”  P2P (and collaborating edge devices) are here already: –Bluetooth devices and connectivity for file transfers between phones, PCs and even Lego robots –DLNA and UPnP home networks –Network resources pooled in meshed WIFI networks –SETI –Etc. The challenge is to demonstrate the P2P advantages across the value chain and the OSI stack – but advantages to who?

3. Page 3 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 3 Why “Community Based”?  Just need to re-interpret (and reinvent) P2P? –Move the network functionality to the edge Control plane (p2p signaling for discovery) Management plane (autonomics aspects) Data plane (p2p routing) –Exchange deploying more expensive uplink bandwidth for shared community resources: The need for sharing user generated multimedia (YouTube etc.) will not go away Uplink bandwidth is still expensive but local bandwidth (WIFI for example is cheaper) –Less people pay but they pay more The community manages the local costs (SON heritage?) –Use hybrids Uses some servers to offer connectivity to outside services (PVRs for example) while serving the community Maybe essential if content is commercial –Defines multisided applications without the center

4. Page 4 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 4 Why “Community Based”?  What is a community? –“Sneaker net” –Home net –WPAN, WLAN, WWAN –Neighbors and family –Global social network  The ecosystem –Gateways –Handsets –PC –STB –Servers –Sensor networks –Appliance networks – and even webcams!

5. Page 5 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 5 Why “Community Based”?  Need to get away from the “Lord of the boxes” approach –No need to have the device that “rules them all” –Need to harness the “power” of: Home devices and home networks connectivity “Power users” –Focus on: Autonomics Social networking Communities of interest –Scalability of the architecture But (still) cost can be an issue And the absence of common platform introduces complexities –Use case Laptops for CPU intensive applications DVR for storage (local and non local) Cell phones for voice Web pads for display Sensors for real time information Etc.

6. Page 6 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 6 A solution: Communities at Different Layers  Physical layer: the resources and the devices  Network layer: the connectivity  Service layer: the social fabric

7. Page 7 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 7 Peering at Different Layers  Physical layer: –Manage the installed base of broadband connections to the neighborhood –Survive the uplink glut Reduce the number of high speed lines needed to serve a neighborhood Use super peers for local distribution –Reduce the number of streams serving the community Use peer based storage/DVR “Watch your neighbor’s TV” as an alternative to server based channel change –It is well known that not all of the 500+ channels are watched at any instant –Encourage the use of home networks, local CPU and shared resources Reductions in OPEX/CAPEX passed down to the users?

8. Page 8 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 8 Peering at Different Layers  Network layer –Advanced policy management Favor the community –Device and service discovery “2.0”: not just what they are, who they are and how to access them Heterogeneous peers Capability discovery –Determine if this device is a renderer, a transit point and or a storage point, as well as determining if is has a link to the non P2P network (for AAA for example) and can become a super node and a trust authority –Local routing and load balancing –Scalability From “sneaker net” to SETI – Most likely tens to thousands Propagation of discovery information –QoS Some operators have a “less than best effort category” for P2P Video quality can suffer Cases to consider: –Pre-recorded – known traffic profile –Live content – »Unknown traffic profile especially for video

9. Page 9 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 9 Peering at Different Layers  Service layer –Use your social network as a virtual operator You and your friend define what the offering is and transfer it to the nearest peer –Based on common “likes” –Based on “instanteneous” behavior Multi-network and multi-operators –Define common middleware across platforms A challenge: your community will most likely not have a uniform installed base of devices For the moment: all applications are developed in silos –Features: Autonomics Security and privacy and of course DRM when applicable Local media switching (no more channel change, content change)

10. Page 10 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 10 Business Aspects What could make operators adopt a community approach –Uplink glut –Sticky-ness of their customers (themselves becoming over the top) –New provisioning and customer management –QOS/policy management  New method to distribute content? –Put content in front of more customers event outside their networks –PVR are now secondary content and video servers  But: –Are “new” P2P entrants eroding the business of the incumbents? V.g. Joost, VEOH, Neocast vs. Comcast, Verizon, FT, BT etc.

11. Page 11 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 11 Business Aspects

12. Page 12 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 12 Business Aspects  Recent work from Chintan Vaishnav of Sloan/CSAIL on using game theory to evaluate the impact of new entrants on incumbent’s business –Players: Incumbents, entrants, content providers (for video) and end users  Early conclusion –P2P Incumbent shifts the focus of the service from the network and bandwidth to ancillary services and quality of the service offering –Move from a “winner take all” to a more diversified marketplace

13. Page 13 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 13 Business Aspects (sample result)

14. Page 14 Motorola General Business Use MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2006 14 Conclusion  Where do we go now? –Evolve the network offering to the community Video is key: better use of the scarce uplink resources and untapped local resources (PVRs, WIFI etc.) –Offer some new paradigms for management of communities and discovery of peers and their capabilities (not all the peers are equal) Making sure the devices that are part of the community are used appropriately Create value and revenue Is the community the key to the next generation Internet and the move to the Mobile Internet?