1. Key to the Exercises  Pre-class Work II  the crime problem; serious; crimes; criminals; ine third of; 41 million; 36 to 40 million  soft; crimes and criminals  evidence; deters; punishment  there are too many of them; Saudi Arabia; have their hands cut off; 35 million  commit 5 serious crimes; elite universities  practical; in prison; longer imprisonment; can bear the cost  the court and police; solution to the crime problem; getting tough with criminals is not the answer

2. 3. Choose words and expressions from the text that are related to crime, law and court.  crime correctional personnel  property crime arrest record  crime rate harsh punishment  crime problems prison sentence  conviction a sentence of five years  convict to receive a sentence  criminal to commit a crime  murderer to convict sb.  offender to prosecute sb.

3.  prison cell to arrest sb.  to punish crime to send a criminal to prison  released prisoner to imprison / jail a criminal (for a crime)  police to get tough with criminals  judge to keep a criminal in prison  Justice Department to release a prisoner  evidence to gain release  witness to execute a murderer  parole board to supervise a criminal  prison official to allow the arrested to live in the community  criminal justice system under supervision  to reduce / prevent / deter crimes

4. 4. Pick out new idiomatic expressions from the text.  to get tough with sb. instead of  to amount to under supervision  the more… the more / the less… to make room for sb. / sth.  to cut off to lock sb. up / away  the other way around to be worth (doing) sth.  to gain admission / release / approval to pay for sth.  to accept sb. into (an institution) to release sb. from prison  on the whole to some extent / to a certain extent  to be soft / easy on sb. a drop in the bucket  to be measured against sth. to commit a crime  to have charge of sb. / sth. to work out to  to lead to to be faced with sth.  due to so…as to do sth.

5. Written Work  Sample:  I don’t think that severe punishment is the answer to the problem of crime. But I look at the matter from a different point of view. The author simply believes harsh punishment isn’t feasible because it costs too much. My view is that punishment, including harsh measures, is necessary but punishment alone won’t help much. It is effective only when governments make effort to wipe out what gives rise to crimes, for example, poverty, inequality, racial hatred, money worship, TV violence, etc., in short, to remove barriers for less fortunate members of society to better themselves. Punishment can produce good results only when it is combined with effective correctional measures to make law-abiding citizens out of criminals. This is a difficult but worthwhile job. (124 words)