1. Webs, Flows, Knows IFE 2020, Feb 25/2009 Scott MacLeod (PhD) macleods@eastwestcenter.org

2. WE ARE CONNECTED 6 Degrees

3. Why Do Networks Matter? Leadership: Bringing People together to achieve a goal. Context: Network Positions Lens of Understanding

4. While All The Fuss? 30%...in 2005 !

5. Source: Wendi Backler, Personal Communication Networks Can Hurt Us While All The Fuss?

6. Networks Can Hurt Us While All The Fuss?

7. Why All The Fuss? Networks = Power?

8. NodesLinks Where do we find Networks + Revenues Bandwidth City Industry Patents Business unit Planet Societies Individual Country Computer Joint venture agreements Research teams Imports Conversations Gravitational pull

9. SOCIAL NETWORKS DEFINED A set of dyadic ties, of all the same type, among a set of actors Actors can be persons, organizations, groups A tie (link) is an instance of a social relation Source:Steve Borgatti, Basic Social Network Concepts

10. RELATIONS AMONG PERSONS CAN BE DEFINED IN MANY WAYS Affiliations – Belongs to same clubs – Is physically near Kinship – Mother of, wife of Other role-based – Boss of, teacher of – Friend of Cognitive/perceptual – Knows – Aware of what they know Affective – Likes, trusts Interactions – Sends an email, requests information – Give advice to, talks to, fights with – Sex, drugs with Source:Steve Borgatti, Basic Social Network Concepts Content Matters! Each relation yields a different structure and has different effects Content Matters! Each relation yields a different structure and has different effects

11. Collaboration Social Professional/Career Personal advice Information Diversity of Connections

12. SIMPLE ANSWERS Source: Data drawn from Cross, Borgatti & Parker 2001 Employees asked: “Who to ask for answers to straightforward questions” Recent acquisition Older acquisitions Original company

13. Recent acquisition Older acquisitions Original company PROBLEM REFORMULATION Employees asked: Who do you see to help you think through issues? Source: Data drawn from Cross, Borgatti & Parker 2001

14. Degree Centrality (Weak ties) Betweenness Centrality (Risk/Power) Closeness Centrality (Strategy) Diane Heather Garth and Fernando Network Location

15. Network Structure: Patterns Network Attributes – Density (Flows/Noise) – Centrality – Clustering Network Reach Professional/Career UCI NET

16. CAYLEY TREE (HIERARCHY) STRENGHTS WEAKENESSES Highly Centered Maximizes efficiency at moving information in to, and instructions out from, a center “Leadable” Zero path redundancy Good for efficiency Bad for acuity (ability to process weak signals)

17. ORGANIZATIONS VS. NETWORKS SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES? Organization – Social entity – Goal directed – Deliberately structured activity systems – Identifiable boundary – Responsibility Network Social entity Goal directed (varies) Emergent (a good thing?) Flexible Specialization Porous boundaries (a good thing?) Responsibility Two very different ways of getting things done, each with its own advantages and disadvantages Community?

18. Need to Weave KM practice naturally divided based on skill set...nine months later, group was cohesive and selling work that integrated both skill sets Source: “Making Invisible Work Visible: Using Social Network Analysis to Support Strategic Collaboration”, Cross, Borgatti, Parker, California Management Review, 2002.

19. Network Weaving? Why? – Flexible specialization – Creativity – Sustainability – Social Capital/Resiliance How? (What holds together?) – Ideas? – Outcomes? – Identities? – Survival?

20. Where do we find Networks? Systems Ideas Events People

21. Systems Networks Can Be Notworks Flow of Events:

22. Where do we find Networks? Ideas

23. …Close Your Eyes… http://ele ments- by- caroline- photogra phy.com/ blog/wp- content/u ploads/I mage/fa mily_sar ah_close d_eyes.J PG

24. Green

25. Get it?

26. http://www.orgnet.com/divided.html

27. Where do we find Networks? Events

28. …Close Your Eyes…Again http://www.asiagrace.com/photos/v/closed-eyes.jpg

29. Events

30. Systems Ideas Events People How Do These Connect?

31. Implications/Trends Some Questions… About What the World Looks Like

32. Social Capital http://faculty.chicagogsb.edu/ronald.burt/research/NSSC.pdf

33. Systems The Network Effect http://www.blatruc.com/02/microsoft-daje-6000-vrijedan-softver-studentima/

37. http://www.marketwatch.com/quotes/uaua

38. http://www.treasury.gov.au/documents/1368/HTML/docshell.asp?URL=David_Gruen_to_the_ Australian_Business_Economists.html

39. GET THE CONNECTIONS? Questions?