1. An Outdoor Lighting Revolution – The Transition to Solid-State LED Lighting Terry McGowan International Dark-Sky Association lighting@ieee.org

2. The First Electric Outdoor Lighting NYC 1879 - 1881

3. Menlo Park, NJ December 31, 1879

4. 4 Incandescent “Radial Wave” Luminaire 1940s

5. Standard Full Cutoff “Cobra Head” Street Lighting Luminaires

6. Lights of San Diego from Mt. Palomar

7. 7 Environmentally-Sensitive Outdoor Lighting

8. LED-powered Roadway Lighting LED-Powered Roadway Lighting

9. I-35 Bridge LED Lighting - Minneapolis

10. LED Lighting – Lantern Retrofit

11. LED Roadway and Area Lighting

12. Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) - Kelvin Scale High Efficiency LED Metal Halide Incandescent High Pressure Sodium

13. 13 High CCT Light Source Issues:  More Glaring  Greater Scattering of Light  Higher Impact on Circadian - -- - Rhythms

14. Quality Outdoor Lighting Requirements  See the effect, not the source  No glare!  Light only where and when needed  Shine the light down  Don’t over light  Choose low CCT light sources (4000 Kelvins max.)  Use energy efficient sources & Systems

15. 15 Terry McGowan, International Dark-Sky Association www.darksky.org lighting@ieee.org