2. Lesson 1 Did you know that your body is made of trillions of cells? Your heart, lungs, skin, bones, and other body organs all began as a single cell that is smaller than the period at the end of this sentence. The Beginning of the Life Cycle

3. Lesson 1 In this lesson, you will learn to: Identify the stages of fetal development from conception through pregnancy and birth Explain how a pregnant female transfers nutrients and other substances to her fetus Lesson Objectives

4. Lesson 1 Fertilization The entire complex human body begins as one microscopic cell that is formed by fertilization.fertilization The resulting cell is called a zygote. Within a day after the zygote forms, it begins dividing as it travels down the fallopian tube. Conception and Implantation

5. Lesson 1 Implantation By the time it reaches the uterus, the zygote has divided many times to form a cluster of cells. After implantation of the zygote, the cluster of cells is known as an embryo.implantation embryo Click image to view movie. Conception and Implantation

6. Lesson 1 Embryo Click image to view movie. Conception and Implantation

7. Lesson 1 Structures Formed During Embryonic Growth As the embryo grows, its cells continue to divide, forming three tissue layers that later become various body systems. During this time, two important structures form outside the embryo: 1.Amniotic sacAmniotic sac 2.Umbilical cordUmbilical cord Embryonic Growth

8. Lesson 1 Substances Passed to the Embryo Although the blood supply of the mother and the developing embryo are kept separate, materials diffuse from one blood supply to the other through the umbilical cord. Nutrients and oxygen pass from the mother’s blood to the embryo, and wastes from the embryo diffuse into the mother’s blood. If a pregnant female uses harmful substances, they can cross the placenta and harm the developing embryo.placenta Embryonic Growth

9. Lesson 1 Trimesters The time from conception to birth is usually about nine full months. These nine months are divided into three 3-month periods called trimesters. During the period of growth in the uterus, the fetus develops in preparation for living outside the mother’s body.fetus Fetal Development

10. Lesson 1 First Trimester – 0-14 Weeks In the first trimester, the fetus develops a human profile. By week 12 the fetus makes crying motions but no sound and may suck its thumb. Fetal Development

11. Lesson 1 Second Trimester – 15-28 Weeks In the second trimester, the fetus can hear conversations and has a regular cycle of waking and sleeping. Weight increases rapidly. Fetal Development

12. Lesson 1 Third Trimester – 29 Weeks to Birth In the third trimester, the fetus uses all five senses and begins to pass water from the bladder. Fetal Development

13. Lesson 1 Changes Experienced During Labor Many females experience weak, irregular muscular contractions of the uterus for weeks or even months before the baby is born. As the time approaches for the baby to be born, however, these contractions become regular, stronger, and closer together. The stronger contractions induce labor.labor Stages of Birth

14. Lesson 1 Stages of Labor Stage 3: Afterbirth Stage 1: Dilation Stage 2: Passage through birth canal Stages of Birth

15. Lesson 1 1.zygote 2.implantation 3.fertilization 4.labor Choose the appropriate option. Quick Review Q. The union of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell is called _________.

16. Lesson 1 A. 3. fertilization The union of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell is called fertilization. Click Next to attempt another question. Quick Review - Answer

17. Lesson 1 1.labor 2.implantation 3.fertilization 4.cell division Choose the appropriate option. Quick Review Q. The zygote attaches to the uterine wall in the process called _________.

18. Lesson 1 A. 2. implantation The zygote attaches to the uterine wall in the process called implantation. Click Next to attempt another question. Quick Review - Answer

19. Lesson 1 Quick Review Q. In a developing fetus, nutrients from the mother pass to the fetus through the blood in the umbilical cord. True False Choose the appropriate option.

20. Lesson 1 A. True. In a developing fetus, nutrients from the mother pass to the fetus through the blood in the umbilical cord. Click Next to attempt another question. Quick Review - Answer

21. Lesson 1 Quick Review Q. Harmful substances taken in by a pregnant female can be transferred to a developing fetus, but the fetus is too small to be affected negatively. True False Choose the appropriate option.

22. Lesson 1 A. False. Harmful substances taken in by a pregnant female can be transferred to a developing fetus, and the fetus can be affected negatively. Click Next to attempt another question. Quick Review - Answer

23. Lesson 1 End of Lesson 1 Click Home to view the Main menu.

24. Lesson 1 A. Correct! The union of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell is called fertilization. Click Next to attempt another question. Quick Review - Answer

25. Lesson 1 You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer. Quick Review - Answer

26. Lesson 1 A. Correct! The zygote attaches to the uterine wall in the process called implantation. Click Next to attempt another question. Quick Review - Answer

27. Lesson 1 You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer. Quick Review - Answer

28. Lesson 1 Stages of Labor Stages of Birth Stage 3: Afterbirth Stage 1: Dilation Stage 2: Passage through birth canal

29. Lesson 1 Stages of Labor Stages of Birth Stage 3: Afterbirth Stage 1: Dilation Stage 2: Passage through birth canal

30. Lesson 1 The entire complex human body begins as one microscopic cell that is formed by fertilization.fertilization The resulting cell is called a zygote. Within a day after the zygote forms, it begins dividing as it travels down the fallopian tube. Fertilization Fertilization is the union of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell. Conception and Implantation

31. Lesson 1 By the time it reaches the uterus, the zygote has divided many times to form a cluster of cells. After implantation of the zygote, the cluster of cells is known as an embryo.implantation embryo Click image to view movie. Implantation Implantation is the attachment of zygote to the uterine wall. Conception and Implantation

32. Lesson 1 By the time it reaches the uterus, the zygote has divided many times to form a cluster of cells. After implantation of the zygote, the cluster of cells is known as an embryo.implantation embryo Click image to view movie. Implantation Embryo is the developing child from the time of implantation until about the eight week of development. Conception and Implantation

33. Lesson 1 Structures Formed During Embryonic Growth As the embryo grows, its cells continue to divide, forming three tissue layers that later become various body systems. During this time, two important structures form outside the embryo: 1.Amniotic sacAmniotic sac 2.Umbilical cordUmbilical cord The amniotic sac is a thin, fluid- filled membrane that surrounds and protects the developing embryo. Embryonic Growth

34. Lesson 1 Structures Formed During Embryonic Growth As the embryo grows, its cells continue to divide, forming three tissue layers that later become various body systems. During this time, two important structures form outside the embryo: 1.Amniotic sacAmniotic sac 2.Umbilical cordUmbilical cord The umbilical cord is a ropelike structure that connects the embryo and the mother’s placenta. Embryonic Growth

35. Lesson 1 Substances Passed to the Embryo Although the blood supply of the mother and the developing embryo are kept separate, materials diffuse from one blood supply to the other through the umbilical cord. Nutrients and oxygen pass from the mother’s blood to the embryo, and wastes from the embryo diffuse into the mother’s blood. If a pregnant female uses harmful substances, they can cross the placenta and harm the developing embryo.placenta The placenta is a thick, blood-rich tissue that lines the walls of the uterus during pregnancy and nourishes the embryo. The placenta is a thick, blood-rich tissue that lines the walls of the uterus during pregnancy and nourishes the embryo. Embryonic Growth

36. Lesson 1 The time from conception to birth is usually about nine full months. These nine months are divided into three 3-month periods called trimesters. During the period of growth in the uterus, the fetus develops in preparation for living outside the mother’s body.fetus Fetus is the developing embryo in the uterus. Fetal Development Trimesters

37. Lesson 1 Many females experience weak, irregular muscular contractions of the uterus for weeks or even months before the baby is born. As the time approaches for the baby to be born, however, these contractions become regular, stronger, and closer together. The stronger contractions induce labor.labor Changes Experienced During Labor Labor is the final stage of pregnancy in which the uterus contracts and pushes the baby out of the mother’s body. Stages of Birth

38. Lesson 1 A. Correct! In a developing fetus, nutrients from the mother pass to the fetus through the blood in the umbilical cord. Click Next to attempt another question. Quick Review - Answer

39. Lesson 1 You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer. Quick Review - Answer

40. Lesson 1 A. Correct! Harmful substances taken in by a pregnant female can be transferred to a developing fetus, and the fetus can be affected negatively. Click Next to attempt another question. Quick Review - Answer

41. Lesson 1 You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer. Quick Review - Answer