1. << Back to Fan The Future of Universities An Example of the Harman Fan Scenario Approach Note: This presentation contains active fields to move you through it. © 2002 UHCL Futures Studies Department Acknowledgements START

2. << Back to Fan Introduction The Harman Fan was originally developed by Willis W. Harman and is described in ‘An Incomplete Guide to the Future’ (Norton Publishers, 1979). It is a tool that helps in designing divergent scenarios that describe how the future of society as a whole (and in our particular case the future of higher education in the USA) may unfold. The method comprises three sequential steps: 1.The identification of the 22 different future states of the system. 2.The organization of these future states in a fan model based on assumptions whether a state may occur sooner or later in the chronology (one may want to add specific time intervals, but this is not necessarily required). 3.The identification of possible sequences through time of different states. The description of how this sequence of states may occur (the evolution from one state into the other) becomes a scenario. Next >><< Previous

3. << Back to Fan The Case: Futures of Universities Although the model is intended for overall, large-scale developments, we applied the Fan to the specific case of the future of higher education (university education). This resulted in an interesting array of contrasting states of the university, which will be presented in the next part of this presentation. The exercise was done in 45 minutes with a group of 10 people within a classroom setting. Due to time constraints, the group did not bring the fan down to possible scenarios, but the reader is free to add and change comments, and to design scenarios in the fan that s/he may consider plausible or interesting/though- provoking. An example of a possible scenario has been added afterwards by the transcriber of the workshop outcomes to add some flavor to the abstract ideas. In the next slide you will find a representation of the Harman Fan. Behind each of the elements of the fan, you will find a more detailed description. Some elements that could not be placed have been summarized in a separate worksheet. NextNext >><< Previous

4. << Back to Fan SoonerLater Sooner Later Business Satellite Continuous Education Exchange Bookless Access without exam No University Multi-cultural Experience Degrees Student led Corporate Owned Split Teaching/Research Multi mode No calendar No Bowl All have access Mentor Star Prof Intel Inside Special Interest Group Holodeck Grasshopper other The Harman Fan contains possible future states of universities. They have been organized in chronological order from sooner to later in the evolution process. By clicking on each of the states, a description can be obtained. Sample scenario >>

5. << Back to Fan Business University Programs custom-tailed to corporate needs Outreach programs attempt to educate in all institutional locations Skills increasingly tech-based and administration Governmental university localized programs Universities accommodate working individuals

6. << Back to Fan Satellite University Distance Learning University Stay at home and graduate Virtual classrooms Students choose best programs on the WWW Students pay well for super-instructors Affordable learning

7. << Back to Fan Continuous Education University Increasing ‘professionalisation’ of school, as more mid-career students come back for ‘continuous learning’

8. << Back to Fan Exchange University Students leave home and live in other countries Students have daily interactions with other cultures

9. << Back to Fan End of Entrance Exams University End of standardized testing (SAT, GRE, etc.)

10. << Back to Fan Bookless University Books are eliminated

11. << Back to Fan Experience University All learning is experimental Universities that utilize life experiences to a greater detail. For example professors that have actually done the work Experience degrees A more ‘hands-on’ approach in Applied Sciences field Universities become totally experimental, and focus on observational and intuitive ways of knowing, and research is done on answering the question ‘knowing what?’.

12. << Back to Fan No university Regressive university. Students learn at home, on their own, or with a company. Universities are not supported anymore, which leads to an instantaneous stagnation.

13. << Back to Fan Multicultural University Shift toward ‘deep’ multiculturalism in the structure and content of classes driven by new waves of imagination

14. << Back to Fan No Calendar University (24/7/365) Asynchronous international university: the global university online Elimination of academic calendar: one can enter university and graduate at any moment in time You create your own contract and are graded on how much you stretched yourself in it.

15. << Back to Fan No Bowl University (A university without athletics) There will be no more athletic programs

16. << Back to Fan Multi Mode University The system for higher education: 1.Multimedia knowledge bases 2.Professors as personal mentors 3.Computer-aided testing Non-professional/non-vocational subjects will be transformed into vacation experiences, out of university

17. << Back to Fan Split Teaching and Research University Universities focus either on teaching or on research. Both are given premium resources, either through private investments or tax-money.

18. << Back to Fan Corporate Owned University Vocationally oriented and owned by and for private corporations Employees tied to corporation and vv Universities lose market share to professional training corporations Your job is your degree End of liberal arts: only professional and technical universities exist

19. << Back to Fan Student Led University Universities that allow students to assist with the defining of the university goals.

20. << Back to Fan All have access university High education is paid by checks that are given out to everybody. Those who make use of them have to reimburse within 20 years.

21. << Back to Fan Mentor University Face to face tutoring back in vogue Lifelong learning = lifelong tutoring

22. << Back to Fan Star Prof University Star teachers/professors Hollywood University Master teachers are the norm – accessed through Internet

23. << Back to Fan Intel Inside University University Brainchip for degrees. Get program today!

24. << Back to Fan Special Interest Group University Creation of bioethics, nano- ethics,technology transfer type of programs as science yields greater fundamental insights

25. << Back to Fan Holodeck University Teledildonic learning, holodeck learning, with as final product the ability to reprogram the holodeck.

26. << Back to Fan Grasshopper University Universities become focused on learning compassion, peace and self- awareness. A new culture arose as a backlash against the virtual worlds of the 2050’s. By then, computers do it all; we can learn to love.

27. << Back to Fan Other ideas An international body regulates degrees English language dominates on WWW Tuition differences will be based on how is taught, rather than on prestige Universities that personalize the learning experience. Smaller classrooms. Dramatic expansion of small scale universities due to outside threats (terrorism etc.) New learning societies formed based on worldview.

28. << Back to Fan SoonerLater Sooner Later Satellite Bookless All have access No calendar Scenario: The tailor-made on-line university This scenario assumes that we move from our current university towards more distant learning (satellite university), which slowly replaces all hardcopy learning as we know it today. While working with new media it will become more and more easy to cater individual student schedules (everybody studies at his own rhythm) which will lead us to a no calendar university. Since university will become widely accessible with marginal extra costs and with higher marginal outputs per dollar invested, as well as the overriding principle of democracy through the Internet, government will finally provide the means to give access to both elite and low-income class students with repayable grants, which will be deducted from income salaries during the professional life of the graduates. << Back

29. << Back to Fan Acknowledgements The workshop has been facilitated by Ruud van der Helm and recorded by Eric Kellum. Participants: Grayling Alexander, Haley Ashland, Amy D’Angelo, Marianne Kestenbaum, Pero Micic, Zane Ney, Beth Price, Wendy Schultz, John Smart, and Andrew Zolli. Venue: University of Houston Clear Lake Date: July 1 st 2002 Preparation for the web: Ruud van der Helm << Back