1. DIATOM PHYTOBENTHOS IN RIVERS OF WEL BASIN
– PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Joanna Picińska-Fałtynowicz
INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT
WROCŁAW BRANCH, DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

2. Diatom phytobenthos river types
I – Mountain streams
1. Siliceous stream of Tatry Mts.
2. Calcareous stream of Tatry Mts.
3. Stream of Sudety Mts.
V – Mid-altitude siliceous rivers
8. Small mid-altitude siliceous river
10. Medium mid-altitude siliceous river
II – Mid-altitude calcareous streams
6. Mid-altitude calcareous stream
with fine substratum
7. Mid-altitude calcareous stream with coarse substratum
12. Flysch stream
VI – Lowland streams and small rivers
16. Lowland clayey or loess stream
17. Lowland sandy stream
18. Lowland gravely stream
23. Organic stream
26. River in a valley of large lowland river
III – Mid-altitude siliceous streams
4. Mid-altitude siliceous stream
with coarse substratum
5. Mid-altitude siliceous stream
with fine substratum
VII – Lowland rivers
19. Lowland sandy-clayey river
20. Lowland gravely river
24. River in a peat valley
25. River connecting lakes
IV – Mid-altitude calcareous rivers
9. Small mid-altitude calcareous river
14. Small flysch river
15. Medium mid-altitude eastern river
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

3. PRETREATMENT AND MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
MICROSCOPIC EVALUATION - in light microscope with
1000 magnification using immersion objective 100x
TAXONOMIC IDENTIFICATION – at least to a species level
using standard literature (Krammer & lange-Bertalot )
and other recent monographs
COUNTING – diatom valves should be counted in
a permanent slifrom a sample
RELATIVE ABUNDANCE of i-taxon in a sample:
Li = Number of valves of taxoni / Number of all valves counted [ ]
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

4. INDEX = S(LiAiWi)/S(LiWi)
The TI and SI indices are calculated using
a weighted formula of Zelinka & Marvan (1961):
INDEX = S(LiAiWi)/S(LiWi)
where:
Li – relative abundance of i-taxon in a sample
(within valves counted ),
Ai – value of sensitivity (optimum) of i-taxon,
Wi – value of weight (tolerance) of i-taxon
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

5. The Trophic Index [TI]:
Trophic values of indicator taxa: 0.3 – 3.9;
Weight values of taxa: 1 – 5
The trophic status of a river according to TI: TI
Trophic status
< 1,0
Ultraoligotrophy
1,1-1,3
Oligotrophy
1,4-1,5
Oligo- mesotrophy
1,6-1,8
Mesotrophy
1,9-2,2
Meso- eutrophy
2,3-2,6
Eutrophy
2,7-3,1
Eu- politrophy
3,2-3,4
Politrophy
> 3,4
Poli- hypertrophy
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

6. The Saprobic Index SI: The saprobic status of a river according to SI:
Saprobic values of indicator taxa: 1.0 – 3.8
Weight values: 1 – 5
The saprobic status of a river according to SI:
Community consists of taxa: SI
Saprobic level
Sensitive to organic pollution
< 1,3
Oligosaprobic
Weakly tolerant to organic pollution
1,4-1,7
Oligo- b-mesosaprobic
Moderately tolerant to organic pollution
1,8-2,1
b-mesosaprobic
Resistant to organic pollution
Saprophiles
2,2-2,5
b-meso- a-mesosaprobic
Saprobionts
2,6-3,0
a-mesosaprobic
3,1-3,4
a-meso- polisaprobic
> 3,5
polisaprobic
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

7. The module of reference species [GR]:
For overall assessment, a module reflecting deviation of species composition in comparison with reference community has been added.
The module of reference species [GR]:
GR = StRi
where:
tRi – relative abundance of i-reference taxon
The GR values vary between 1 (all species in a sample are
of reference character) and 0 (none species is a reference one)
Groups of reference species:
– for siliceous waters,
– for calcareous waters,
– for both siliceous and calcareous waters,
– type-specific taxa for river groups I–VII
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

8. The IO values change from 1 (the best status) to 0 (the worst status).
The diatom multimetric index IO is an arithmetic average of three modules: TI, SI and GR.
As the TI and SI indices have different ranges, they were transformed according to Schaumburg et al as follows:
ZTI = 1–(TI*0.25)
ZSI = 1–[(SI-1)*0.33]
The values of ZTI and ZSI vary between 1 (the best quality) and 0 (the worst quality) and
IO = (ZTI + ZSI + GR)/3
The IO values change from 1 (the best status) to 0 (the worst status).
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

9. CLASS BOUNDARIES for Polish river types
Ecological status
1, 2, 3
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15
16, 17, 18, 23, 26
19, 20, 24, 25
High
> 0.75
> 0.70
> 0.65
Good
0.55
0.50
Moderate
0.35
0.30
Poor
0.15
Bad
< 0.15
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

10. MATERIAL Two sampling campaignes:
27-29 April 2009 and September 2009
Community sampled: epilithon
A total of 38 samples collected
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

11. Physical and chemical variables of rivers water in 27-29. 04. 2009
Site
Code
Conduct
25oC pH
TOC
DOC
Ptot
SRP
N-NO3
NO2+NO3
N-NO2
SiO2
Hardn
Chlorides
mS/cm
mg/l
mg/l PO4
mg/l N
mgCaCO3/l
WEL_01
465
8,17
3,98
3,36
0,138
0,225
2,03
2,05
0,016
10,9
236 10
WEL_02
448
7,97
6,71
5,30
0,174
0,202
1,15
1,19
0,037
11,0
238
7,9
WEL_04
363
8,02
5,54
5,44
0,113
0,128
0,15
0,16
0,012
5,75
183
9,9
WEL_05
361
7,98
4,89
4,12
0,184
0,105
0,29
0,31
0,017
6,30
177
7,4
WEL_06
371
8,08
5,20
4,38
0,116
0,059
0,04
0,003
10,8
200
9,3
WEL_07
7,75
6,94
6,66
0,190
0,076
0,06
0,08
0,020
8,30
180
8,8
WEL_08
476
7,85
9,97
8,23
0,195
2,23
2,28
0,054
6,35
249 13
WEL_09
386
7,80
6,54
5,86
0,205
0,117
5,19
5,23
0,040
7,62
185 11
WEL_10
8,21
6,25
5,94
0,106
0,099
0,36
0,38
7,45
190
9,8
WEL_11
401
7,72
6,58
6,28
0,142
0,160
0,48
0,51
0,032
7,90
201 12
WEL_12
459
8,09
3,25
3,22
0,084
0,038
0,77
0,78
0,007
16,0
244
6,6
WEL_13
436
8,07
2,71
2,35
0,172
0,99
1,00
15,4
6,8
WEL_14
410
8,26
4,56
4,52
0,162
0,183
0,33
0,35
0,019
11,1
216
9,1
WEL_15
403
1,57
0,80
0,169
0,73
8,15
224
WEL_16
469
8,13
6,74
1,16
0,156
0,131
1,68
1,70
0,018
247
WEL_17
451
8,35
1,46
0,79
0,168
0,207
1,99
2,01
9,67
235
WEL_18
529
8,32
7,93
4,41
0,114
0,104
1,49
1,52
0,027
9,57
263
WEL_19
505
8,47
6,53
4,73
0,096
0,140
3,59
3,61
0,025
8,22
248
WEL_20
412
8,29
5,50
4,16
0,136
0,122
0,66
0,68
5,47
222
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

12. Physical and chemical variables of rivers water in 22-24. 09. 2009
Site
Code
Conduct 25oC pH
TOC
DOC
Ptot
SRP
N-NO3
NO2+NO3
N-NO2
SiO2
Hardn Ca
Chlorids
mS/cm
mg/l
mg/l PO4
mg/l N
mgCaCO3/l
WEL_01
473
7,99
4,81
2,41
0,116
0,258
2,10
2,11
0,012
13,5
254 92
9,6
WEL_02
458
7,95
4,07
3,03
0,109
0,179
1,39
1,41
0,019
13,6
238 86
8,7
WEL_04
388
8,15
5,84
5,83
0,101
0,193
0,45
0,46
0,015
9,90
193 64 10
WEL_05
418
8,00
3,61
3,26
0,122
0,219
0,87
0,90
0,034
12,4
212 72
7,8
WEL_06
340
8,08
7,34
5,20
0,161
0,220
0,02
0,005
11,1
164 58
9,5
WEL_07
309
7,83
9,03
5,95
0,125
0,040
0,01
0,007
9,10
147 50
WEL_08
447
8,04
9,53
6,46
0,156
0,256
1,89
1,91
0,022
7,24
219 77 15
WEL_09
342
7,79
8,36
6,15
0,120
0,63
0,66
0,032
8,72
165 54 11
WEL_10
337
7,65
6,41
0,091
0,037
0,04
0,05
8,10
160 56
WEL_11
335
8,96
5,85
0,49
8,86
166
WEL_12
459
2,91
2,54
0,112
0,202
1,07
1,08
0,010
16,9
245 85
6,0
WEL_13
339
8,13
4,43
2,78
0,123
0,25
0,004
6,32
169
5,4
WEL_14
396
8,05
6,14
4,17
0,132
0,35
0,36
0,009
10,9 65
8,9
WEL_15
366
7,96
7,04
5,81
0,190
0,44
0,008
9,66
173 59
WEL_16
538
8,12
5,21
3,30
0,153
0,330
3,74
3,78
0,036
12,9
262 93 16
WEL_17
448
2,94
0,140
0,230
1,82
1,85
14,8
226 80
8,4
WEL_18
545
8,43
3,16
2,03
0,130
4,73
4,77
0,038
14,7
279 95 13
WEL_19
523
8,17
4,42
2,69
0,162
0,242
3,75
13,8 87
WEL_20
385
6,29
4,23
0,118
0,67
8,80
198 61
9,9
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

13. PRELIMIARY RESULTS April 2009
Dominant and sub-dominant diatom species
Achnanthidium
minutissimum
Nitzschia
fonticola
Nitzschia
dissipata
Navicula
reichardtiana
Navicula
cryptotenella
Meridion
circulare
Navicula
lanceolata
Pseudo-
staurosira
brevistriata
Cymella
compacta
Navicula
tripunctata
Diatoma
vulgaris
Gomphonema
olivaceum
Amphora
pediculus
Staurosira
construens
Gomphonema
micropus
Gomphonema
parvulum
Staurosira
pinnata
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

14. PRELIMIARY RESULTS April 2009
RIVER
CODE
SITE
RIVER TYPE TI SI GR IO
Status
WEL
WEL 01
FIUGAJKI 18
2,11
1,87
0,60
Good
MAŁA WKRA
WEL 02
Above Dąbrowa Mała Lake
2,53
1,58
0,82
0,66
RUMIENICA
WEL 05
Above Rumian Lake
1,85
1,94
0,73
0,65
PŁOŚNICZANKA
WEL 08
Inflow to Wel 17
2,56
2,00
0,68
0,57
Tributary fom MROCZNO
WEL 12
1,86
1,74
0,94
0,74
High
OUTFLOW from KIEŁPIŃSKIE LAKE
WEL 13
2,27
1,98
0,44
0,52
KATLEWKA
WEL 16
2,51
0,59
0,55
STRUGA
WEL 17
Świniarc
2,84
1,78
0,53
PRĄTNICA
WEL 18
Tuszewo
2,88
0,41
0,46
Moderate
WEL 19
Linowiec
2,91
2,06
0,49
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

15. PRELIMIARY RESULTS April 2009
River
CODE
SITE
RIVER TYPE TI SI GR IO
Status
WEL
WEL 04
SZCZUPLINY 25
1,82
1,92
0,99
0,74
High
WEL 06
PRUSY
2,04
1,72
0,87
0,71
WEL 07
KOSZELEWKI
1,56
0,97
0,78
WEL 09
LIDZBARK a
2,34
1,79
WEL 10
LIDZBARK b 20
2,31
2,02
0,65
Good
WEL 11
PIEKIEŁKO
2,23
2,01
0,92
0,68
WEL 14
STARE KORYTO
2,71
1,90
0,52
0,51
WEL 15
BAŁWANKA
2,44
0,58
WEL 20
JAKUBKOWO
2,72
1,98
0,86
0,62
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

16. Assesement by diatom phytobenthos
HIGH
GOOD
MODERATE
POOR
BAD
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

17. Thank you for attention !!!
Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund