1. Section 1: Founding the Roman Republic
CHAPTER 7
The Roman World
Section 1: Founding the Roman Republic
Section 2: Rome Expands Its Borders
Section 3: The Birth of the Roman Empire
Section 4: Roman Society and Culture
Section 5: The Rise of Christianity
Section 6: The Fall of the Western Empire

2. SECTION 1
Founding the Roman Republic
Question:
What are some characteristics of Roman patricians and plebeians?

3. controlled government
SECTION 1
Founding the Roman Republic
controlled government
inherited power
farmers / workers
barred from office
Patricians
Plebeians
majority
barred from office
landowners
nobles

4. Question: What were the causes and outcomes of the Punic Wars?
SECTION 2
Rome Expands Its Borders
Question:
What were the causes and outcomes of the Punic Wars?

5. Rome Expands Its Borders
SECTION 2
Rome Expands Its Borders
Punic Wars
Causes
Results
First Punic War
Carthage was afraid Rome would take Sicily; Rome was afraid Carthage would close the Adriatic Sea and the Strait of Messina.
Carthage asked for peace; had to pay indemnity and give up control of Sicily.
Second Punic War
Hannibal invaded Italy.
Carthage asked for peace; paid an indemnity and lost the Spanish colonies.
Third Punic War
Some Romans passionately hated Carthage; Rome declared war.
Carthage was destroyed.

6. Question: How did political events weaken the Roman Empire?
SECTION 3
Israel and the Occupied Territories
The Birth of the Roman Empire
Question:
How did political events weaken the Roman Empire?

7. The Birth of the Roman Empire
SECTION 3
The Birth of the Roman Empire
Gracchus brothers introduce reforms
angry senators kill both Gracchus brothers
violence = primary tool of Roman politics
leaders recruit personal armies
Sulla marches on Rome; civil war
Sulla establishes dictatorship

8. Question: What are some reasons why the Romans had a strong empire?
SECTION 4
Roman Society and Culture
Question:
What are some reasons why the Romans had a strong empire?

9. Roman Society and Culture
SECTION 4
Roman Society and Culture
stationed along frontiers
soldiers made citizens
kept peace
Roman Army
revised Twelve Tables
provincial official
Strong Empire
encouraged widespread trade
Government and Law
Trade and Transportation
strong emperor
farm goods and luxury goods
enforced law
roads and bridges
kept order

10. SECTION 5
The Rise of Christianity
Question:
What are the major events in the development of Christianity?

11. Spread of Christianity Acceptance and Organization
SECTION 5
The Rise of Christianity
Jesus
Spread of Christianity
Acceptance and Organization
personally taught in Judaea
gained followers
crucified
believed risen from dead
disciples deliver message
spreads slowly through empire
outlawed by Romans
Christians persecuted
accepted by Romans, Constantine
made official religion
priests, bishops, patriarchs, pope
church councils set down beliefs

12. SECTION 6
The Fall of the Western Empire
Question:
What were the causes of the fall of the Roman Empire in the West?

13. Decline of the Roman Empire
SECTION 6
The Fall of the Western Empire
Decline of the Roman Empire
Political/Military
Economic
Social
• inadequate government for size of empire
• expense of defending and maintaining empire
• too many poor
• loss of patriotism, interest in government, and political honesty
• competition for power
• heavy taxes
• loss of income
• army interference made government unstable
• decline of manufacturing and agriculture
• dependence on German troops

14. Chapter Wrap-Up CHAPTER 7
1. What two major factors helped Rome unify its empire and maintain peace?
2. What ideas and inventions did the Romans borrow and adapt from the Greeks?
3. How did Rome’s relationship with the people it conquered change over time?