1. Respiratory System

2. Healthy Lung Vs. Smokers Lung

3. Upper Respiratory system
Internal Nares- Allows air to enter the nose and pass through into the nasal cavity

4. Upper Respiratory System
Nasopharynx- upper most part of the pharynx; passage way for air

5. Upper Respiratory System
Eustachian Tubes- links pharynx to middle ear; pressure equalization, mucus drainage

6. Upper respiratory system
Hard Palate- roof of the mouth; speech production

7. Upper Respiratory System
Soft Palate- does not contain bone
located at the back of the mouth
speech production, separates nasal cavity and oral cavity when swallowing

8. Upper Respiratory System
Palatine Tonsil- left and right side of the back of the throat; provides defense against pathogens

9. Upper respiratory system
Oropharynx- below soft palate and below epiglottis; passage way for air and food

10. Upper Respiratory system
Epiglottis- flap structure that allows air to enter the trachea

11. Upper Respiratory System
Glottis- slit of the epiglottis, space between vocal chords; adds buzzing quality to speech
Glottis

12. Upper respiratory system
Vocal Folds
Production of sounds used for speech
Regulate flow of air into lungs

13. Upper respiratory system
Laryngopharynx- lower part of pharynx; passage of air and food

14. Upper respiratory system
Trachea- ciliated mucus membrane; filters air and traps particles

15. Upper respiratory system
Nasal Conchae
Increase Surface area for filtration of air
Warms and moistens air

16. Upper respiratory system
Nasal Vestibule
Beginning of nasal passage
Hair helps to capture large particles

17. Upper respiratory system
Oral Cavity- mouth
Lining of the mouth and saliva glands aid provide lubrication
Aids in speech, swallowing, and digestion of food

18. Upper respiratory system
Tongue- aids in speech and in swallowing to cover up epiglottis when you swallow

19. Upper respiratory system
Thyroid Cartilage- Adam’s Apple
Protection and support for the vocal folds

20. Upper respiratory System
Cricoid Cartilage
Connection for ligaments, cartilage, and muscles
Facilitates opening and shutting of air passage
Production of sound

21. Lower respiratory system
Larynx
Between the pharynx and trachea
Houses the vocal folds
A passageway for air moving in and out of the trachea

22. Lower respiratory system
Parietal Pleura
Lines the inner wall of the chest
Covers the diaphragm
Lubrication- serous fluid

23. Lower respiratory system
Visceral Pleura
Membrane on the lung
Easy movement of lungs within chest wall

24. Lower respiratory system
Alveolar Sac
Cluster of alveoli located at the end of each alveolar duct
Contain alveoli

25. Lower respiratory system
Alveolar Duct
Connects bronchioles to alveolar sacs

26. Lower respiratory system
Alveolus
Site of gas exchange with blood
Secrete Surfactant

27. Lower respiratory system
Diaphragm
Muscle that separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity
Performs an important function in respiration

28. Lower respiratory system
Tracheal Cartilage
Shape and support trachea
Ring Shaped- 16 to 20

29. Lower respiratory system
Apex of Lung
Rounded upper portion of the lung

30. Lower respiratory system
Mediastinum
Divides thoracic cavity into two pleural cavities

31. Lower respiratory system
Left Primary Bronchus
Main passageway into the lungs

32. Lower respiratory system
Lower Terminal Bronchioles
End of the conduction zone
Transitions to the respiratory zone

33. Lower respiratory system
Conduction Zone
Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles
Respiratory Zone
Site of gas exchange; CO2 and O2

34. Lower respiratory system
Carina
Bottom of trachea; splits into primary bronchus
Mucus membrane is sensitive and triggers cough reflex

35. Lower respiratory system
Secondary Bronchi (120)
Branches off of the primary bronchi
Tertiary Bronchi (121)
Branches off of the tertiary bronchi
Splits into bronchioles

36. Respiratory System
_____________ provides an opening for air to enter and leave the nasal cavity.
List the three ways in which the upper respiratory system filters the air before it reaches the lungs.
Describe the function of the epiglottis.
The _____________ are the primary site for gas exchange.
Explain the difference between the conduction zone and the respiratory zone.
Describe the function of the diaphragm.