1. STAIRS 3 rd YEAR TRADE Lesson One M.S. MARTIN March 2005 Reviewed Feb 2006 Reviewed Jan 2011 M.S. MARTIN March 2005 Reviewed Feb 2006 Reviewed Jan 2011

2. Text & Workbook As for last year, your folders combine a TAFE textbook (‘Carp’ notes) plus a student workbook to complete. This years workbook calc’s (2011) coincide with the text in their format. Make sure these are complete before written assessment.

4. Definitions Copy into your notes: Flight – this is part of a stair that has a continuous series of risers and treads, including any winders, not interrupted by a landing or floor.

5. Definitions continued Stringer – the inclined sides of the stairs carrying the steps Tread – the board forming the horizontal face of the step Riser – the board forming the vertical face of the step. Maximum 18, minimum 2 in any flight Step – combines both the above

6. Definitions Continued Nosing – the edge of the tread projecting beyond the face of the riser

7. Definitions Continued Balusters – the light pillars used to fill the top space between the top edge of the stringer and the handrail. Can also be on upper floors / landings.

8. Definitions continued Balustrade – the name given to a row of balusters toped with handrail, combined with string & newels. The complete unit if you like

9. Definitions continued Spandrel – the triangular shaped paneling placed in the angle formed between the stringer and the floor. Newels – upright posts into which ends of stringers and handrails are framed.

10. Definitions continued Landing – means a horizontal area at the top of, or between two flights of stairs.

11. Stair Landings Draw different types below in your hand out. Half Space Landing Quarter Space Landing Intermediate Landing

12. Definitions continued Handrail – This is a fixed rail parallel to the string to serve as a guard rail and assist persons using the stair BCA requirements for handrails are 865 high on stair flight and 1.0m high on landings These heights are measured from the “nosing line”

13. Definitions for construction

14. Rise and Goings (no need to copy) Reference carp 18 p12 Rise of Flight – The vertical distance measured between landings or between finished floor levels. Going of Flight – The is the horizontal distance measured between the face of the first riser and the face of the last riser.

16. Rise and Goings continued Rise of Step – This is the vertical distance measured from the top of one tread to the top of the next tread. Going of Step – This is the horizontal distance measured between the face of one riser and the face of the next riser. (The nosing is not included in this measurement).

17. Note- The rise and going proportions must remain the same throughout the flight(s) of stairs.

18. Note – change minimum clearance in your text to 2.0m not 2.030m as written (P13). If you have the latest reprint, this should already be changed / check anyway. BCA – A 125mm sphere must not be able to pass through these gaps

20. ? Changes ? There is talk and applications proceeding that want to change these parameters', however industry groups such as the HIA are opposed to the change and are disputing them at present. “if” they were to change, it would not be until 2012 – 2013, if at all.

21. Stair Calculations

22. Copy as notes: example One Spec: Rise of flight = 2.650m Going of flight = unrestricted Rise = 115mm to 190mm Going = 240mm to 355mm Slope relationship = 2R + G = 550mm to 700mm Step One: assume a suitable rise (eg) 160mm No. of Risers = 2.650.160 = 16.562 say = 17 risers Continues next slide

23. Step two: Actual height Height of riser = 2.650 17 = 155.88 = say 156mm = min 115, max 190 - OK Step three: Size & number of goings No. of goings = always one less = 16 Size of goings = this time it’s unrestricted, so you can pick between the standards 240mm to 355mm = say 300mm Check 2R + G = 550 to 700 = (2 x 156) + 300 = 312 + 300 = 612 OK

24. Result You now have an answer you can build the stairs from. A rise of step of 156mm, and A going of step of 300mm

25. Example two – you complete Calculate the rise and going dimensions for a restricted stairwell shown below (assume 160mm rise) 3.350 1.900

26. Answer example two No. of risers=1.900.160 =11.8 (say 12 risers) Height of riser=1.900 12 =158.3 (say 158mm) No. of goings=11 (always one less) Continues next slide

27. Length of going=restricted to 3.350 =3.350 11 =304.5 (say 305mm) Check for easy going2R + G =(2 x.158) +.305 =.316 +.305 =621mmOK

28. Setting out timber stairs Hand out Copy the following considerations in setting out timber stairs Your first practical project will be the open riser stair

29. Copy into handout Points to consider Floor to floor height marked on a batten, more accurate than measuring with a tape Check walls are parallel, square & straight Position of windows Check going of flight for restrictions, doorways, headroom Check anchorage of stair Usual method of measure The rise of flight for the proposed flight is measured from the approximate starting point of the stair If going of flight is restricted, then this measurement is taken Determine suitable rise and going of step to BCA requirements for proposed staircase. Mark a margin line on the string material with a pencil