1. A Beginner’s Guide to FRBR (and how it relates to RDA) Presenter: Karen Snow, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Graduate School of Library & Information Science Dominican University River Forest, Illinois ksnow@dom.edu

2. FRBR= F unctional R equirements for B ibliographic R ecords 2

3. What is FRBR?  An entity-relationship model developed by the International Federation of Library Associations & Institutions (IFLA) during the 1990’s, based in turn on P. Chen’s (1976) database model.  Generalized view of the bibliographic universe  Independent of any cataloging code  It is the underlying conceptual model for the new cataloging standard, Resource Description & Access (RDA) 3

4. Entity-Relationship Model Person Attributes: William Shakespeare Lived 1564-1616 Work Attributes: Hamlet Play Work Attributes: Romeo & Juliet Play Created Was Created By 4

5. What is FRBR? Sought to:  “Provide a clearly defined, structured framework for relating the data that are recorded in bibliographic data to the needs of the users of those records.”  “Recommend a basic level of functionality for records created by national bibliographic agencies.” --IFLA, FRBR, Final Report, 1998 5

6. FRBR User Tasks Find Discover if something exists Identify Determine if something is what user wants (e.g., correct edition) Select Choose an information entity based on user’s needs (e.g., language, compatibility) Obtain or Acquire Get the information entity 6

7. FRBR Entities  Group 1: Work, Expression, Manifestation, & Item (describes a resource)  Group 2: Person, Corporate Body, Family (describes entities associated with a resource)  Group 3: Group 1 and 2 Entities, Concept, Object, Event, & Place (describes the subject matter of a resource) 7

8. Group 1 Entities W W ork = a distinct intellectual or artistic creation E E xpression = the intellectual or artistic realization of a work M M anifestation = the physical embodiment of an expression of a work I I tem = a single exemplar of a manifestation 8

9. Group 2 Entities Represent those responsible for the content, production, or custodianship of Group 1 Entities.  Persons  Corporate Bodies  Families 9

10. Group 3 Entities The subjects of works  Group 1 & 2 Entities  Concept  Object  Event  Place 10

11. Example of Group 1 Entities (WEMI) Work: Homer’s Odyssey Expression: the 1725 English translation by Alexander Pope Manifestation: the 1931 publication by the Limited Editions Club Item: the copy numbered 797, signed by J. van Krimpen 11

12. 12

13. http://librarianheygirl.tumblr.com/ 13

14. WEMI? Beethoven’s Fourth Piano Concerto A 2001 performance by Paul McCartney of the song Let it Be in Central Park, New York A microfilm of a Random House illustrated edition of Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Signed and numbered, limited edition copy of Ernest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms 14

15. WEMI? Beethoven’s Fourth Piano Concerto Work A 2001 performance by Paul McCartney of the song Let it Be in Central Park, New York A microfilm of a Random House illustrated edition of Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Signed and numbered, limited edition copy of Ernest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms 15

16. WEMI? Beethoven’s Fourth Piano Concerto Work A 2001 performance by Paul McCartney of the song Let it Be in Central Park, New York Expression A microfilm of a Random House illustrated edition of Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Signed and numbered, limited edition copy of Ernest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms 16

17. WEMI? Beethoven’s Fourth Piano Concerto Work A 2001 performance by Paul McCartney of the song Let it Be in Central Park, New York Expression A microfilm of a Random House illustrated edition of Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Manifestation Signed and numbered, limited edition copy of Ernest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms 17

18. WEMI? Beethoven’s Fourth Piano Concerto Work A 2001 performance by Paul McCartney of the song Let it Be in Central Park, New York Expression A microfilm of a Random House illustrated edition of Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Manifestation Signed and numbered, limited edition copy of Ernest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms Item 18

19. New Works  Paraphrases  Rewritings  Adaptations from one literary form to another  Abstracts  Digests  Summaries 19

20. New Expressions  Revisions  Updates  Abridgements  Enlargements  Translations  Musical arrangements  Dubbed/Subtitled versions of a film  Change in form (not necessarily physical) 20

21. New Manifestations  Change in publisher  Physical medium (e.g., paper, electronic)  Carrier (e.g., videocassette to DVD)  Display characteristics (e.g., font size, page layout) 21

22. New Items  Damaged  Signed  Numbered  Different binding 22

23. Group 1 Entities Work: The Ocean at the End of the Lane by Neil Gaiman Expression: Author’s original text in English Manifestation: Hardback published in 2013 by William Morrow, 181 pages, ISBN: 0062255665 Item: Signed copy on my personal bookshelf 23 How do I know if I have a new work or new expression?

24. Original Work - Same Expression Same Work – New Expression New Work Cataloging Rules Cut- Off Point Derivative Equivalent Descriptive Facsimile Reprint Exact Reproduction Copy Microform Reproduction Variations or Versions Translation Simultaneous “Publication” Edition Revision Slight Modification Expurgated Edition Illustrated Edition Abridged Edition Arrangement Summary Abstract Digest Change of Genre Adaptation Dramatization Novelization Screenplay Libretto Free Translation Same Style or Thematic Content Parody Imitation Review Criticism Annotated Edition Casebook Evaluation Commentary Family of Works 24

25. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone by J.K. Rowling  1997, Paperback in English  Publisher: Bloomsbury, London, England 25

26. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Work: Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone by J.K. Rowling 26

27. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Work: Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone by J.K. Rowling  Expression: author’s original text in English 27

28. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Work: Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone by J.K. Rowling  Expression: author’s original text in English  Manifestation: 1997 London paperback publication by Bloomsbury 28

29. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone by J.K. Rowling  Illustrated by Mary Grandpré  1999, Paperback in English  Publisher: Scholastic, New York, USA 29

30. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Work: Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone by J.K. Rowling 30 “Preferred titles” of works are useful when you need….

31. …To collocate a work published under multiple titles

32. …To collocate a work expressed in multiple languages

33. FRBR-izing Harry Potter Preferred title of the work = Harry Potter and the philosopher’s stone Title proper of the manifestation = Harry Potter and the sorcerer’s stone 33

34. FRBR-izing Harry Potter In MARC: 240 10 $a Harry Potter and the philosopher’s stone 245 10 $a Harry Potter and the sorcerer’s stone Preferred title of the work Title proper of the manifestation 34

35. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Work: Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone by J.K. Rowling 35

36. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Work: Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone by J.K. Rowling  Expression: author’s original English text OR author’s original text as revised for American publication; illustrated by Mary Grandpré  Manifestation: 1999 New York paperback publication by Scholastic titled Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone 36

37. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Harry Potter und der Stein der Weisen by Joanne K. Rowling  2000, Paperback in German, translated by Klaus Fritz  Publisher: Carlsen, Hamburg, Germany 37

38. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Work: Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone by J.K. Rowling  Expression: German language translation by Klaus Fritz of the original English text  Manifestation: 2000 Hamburg paperback publication by Carlsen titled Harry Potter und der Stein der Weisen 38

39. FRBR-izing Harry Potter Preferred title of the work = Harry Potter and the philosopher’s stone Title proper of the manifestation = Harry Potter und der stein der weisen 39

40. FRBR-izing Harry Potter In MARC: 240 10 $a Harry Potter and the philosopher’s stone. $l German 245 10 $a Harry Potter und der stein der weisen Preferred title of the work Title proper of the manifestation 40

41. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone by J.K. Rowling  1999, Unabridged Audiobook on 7 CDs read by Jim Dale (in English)  Publisher: Listening Library, USA 41

42. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Work: Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone by J.K. Rowling  Expression: author’s original text as revised for American publication, unabridged, spoken aloud by Jim Dale (this would be a different expression from the written form)  Manifestation: 1999 production from Listening Library on 7 CDs titled Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone 42

43. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone (movie)  Screenplay by Steven Kloves  2002, DVD, Warner Brothers Pictures, Burbank, California, USA 43

44. Original Work - Same Expression Same Work – New Expression New Work Cataloging Rules Cut- Off Point Derivative Equivalent Descriptive Facsimile Reprint Exact Reproduction Copy Microform Reproduction Variations or Versions Translation Simultaneous “Publication” Edition Revision Slight Modification Expurgated Edition Illustrated Edition Abridged Edition Arrangement Summary Abstract Digest Change of Genre Adaptation Dramatization Novelization Screenplay Libretto Free Translation Same Style or Thematic Content Parody Imitation Review Criticism Annotated Edition Casebook Evaluation Commentary Family of Works 44

45. FRBR-izing Harry Potter  Work: Screenplay titled Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone written by Steven Kloves  Expression: Performance of the Kloves screenplay in English  Manifestation: 2002 DVD release by Warner Brothers 45

46. Why Use FRBR?  Improve the user experience in locating information  Guide systems designs for the future by clearly identifying, defining, and labeling entities, attributes, and relationships  Reduce redundancy – for example, information about a Work can be included in a “Work” record that can be used over and over again for all Expressions and Manifestations 46

47. 47

48. Romeo & Juliet  Book  Audiobook  Videorecording 48

49. Romeo & Juliet  Book  English  Spanish  German  Audiobook  Videorecording 49

50. Romeo & Juliet  Book  English  Penguin, 1998  Random House, 1952  Spanish  German  Audiobook  Videorecording 50

51. 51

52. 52

53. http://access.rdatoolkit.org/ 53

54. Recommended Reading  Bram Stoker's Dracula in FRBR Terms. (2009) - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LN0vKCFsXPE (this is a super quick video that may help you better understand FRBR by using different expressions & manifestations of Dracula)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LN0vKCFsXPE  Denton, William. (2007). "FRBR and the history of cataloging." In Taylor, A. (ed.) Understanding FRBR: What it is and how it will affect our retrieval tools. Chapter 4 (pp. 35-57). Westport, CT: Libraries Unlimited.  Maxwell, Robert L. (2008). FRBR: A Guide for the Perplexed. Chicago: American Library Association. ISBN-13: 978-0-8389-0950-8  Tillett, Barbara. (2003) What is FRBR? A Conceptual Model for the Bibliographic Universe. Washington: Library of Congress, Cataloging Distribution Service - http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/whatfrbr.html (this is a very short pamphlet that gives a basic outline of FRBR) http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/whatfrbr.html  Tillett, Barbara. (2009). FRBR: Things you should know, but were afraid to ask. (Webcast) http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=4554 (the audio starts off poor, but gets better) http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=4554

55. Stay Tuned….  Webinar 2 – Basics of RDA (Friday, October 24, 2014) – we will cover some of the major differences between AACR2 and RDA  Webinar 3 – Linked Data: What Is It & How Does It Relate To RDA? (Friday, November 14, 2014) – basics of linked data and RDF  Webinar 4 – MARC, BIBFRAME, and Their Relationship to RDA (Friday, December 5, 2014) – basics of the likely replacement for MARC and what this will mean for the future of the library catalog