1. 1 New Jersey Avian Influenza Response Plan (Birds) Presented by: NJ Department of Agriculture

2. 2 Avian Influenza Virus: Review Orthomyxovirus, type AOrthomyxovirus, type A Serologically categorized (H1-H15) and (N1-N9)Serologically categorized (H1-H15) and (N1-N9) H5 and H7 subtypes: reportableH5 and H7 subtypes: reportable US $23.3 billion poultry industryUS $23.3 billion poultry industry NJ $35 million/year poultry industryNJ $35 million/year poultry industry Economic loss – direct/indirectEconomic loss – direct/indirect

3. 3 Highly PathogenicHighly Pathogenic Apocalyptic: 100% mortality within 24 hours of exposure (no time for clinical signs to develop)Apocalyptic: 100% mortality within 24 hours of exposure (no time for clinical signs to develop) Erica Spackman Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory USDA-ARS, Athens, GA Avian Influenza and Poultry

4. 4 Direct contact from infected birdsDirect contact from infected birds –Virus is excreted from the respiratory tract, conjunctiva, and in feces –Virus can survive long term in cool moist environments –Migratory waterfowl may be the source of infection Transmission

5. 5 FomitesFomites –Movement of materials exposed to infected birds and carcasses, –Obvious: Contaminated feed, water, implements –Potentially overlooked: People, pets, vehicles Transmission

6. 6 Current Situation: Asian HPAI Current outbreaks remain primarily an animal diseaseCurrent outbreaks remain primarily an animal disease Early detection and rapid response to an outbreak are crucial to control the disease and minimize the number of animals affectedEarly detection and rapid response to an outbreak are crucial to control the disease and minimize the number of animals affected Eradicating at the farm may prevent a human pandemicEradicating at the farm may prevent a human pandemic

7. 7 Asian H5N1 HPAI Epizootic Guangdong, ChinaGuangdong, China Geese with some mortalityGeese with some mortality H5N1 AI virus – HP for chickensH5N1 AI virus – HP for chickens The Beginning, 1996 Les Sims 1997, Hong Kong:1997, Hong Kong: 18 human cases, 6 deaths 18 human cases, 6 deaths Depop. 1.4m poultry Depop. 1.4m poultry David E. Swayne, David L. Suarez, Erica Spackman, Mary Jackwood Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory Agricultural Research Service

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10. 10 10/29/05-4/6/06

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12. 12 Assumptions 1.Asian HPAI H5N1 will continue to spread globally a.55 countries as of 8/06 vs. 45 countries as of 4/06 2.Entry into North America: a. Migratory birds b. Imported birds and products c. Smuggled birds and products 3.Once introduced into wild bird population response will continue until…

13. 13 Influenza in Migratory Birds Estimated that 5 million birds (over 300 species), migrate from North America to Central and South America, and similar numbers travel from Eastern Europe to Africa each fall.Estimated that 5 million birds (over 300 species), migrate from North America to Central and South America, and similar numbers travel from Eastern Europe to Africa each fall. Gill FB. Ornithology. 2 nd ed. New York: Freeman; 1994.Gill FB. Ornithology. 2 nd ed. New York: Freeman; 1994.

14. 14 Risks: Potential delay between initial identification of disease and embargoPotential delay between initial identification of disease and embargo Illegal importationIllegal importation Preventive measures: Embargoes placed on countries/regions with documented infectionEmbargoes placed on countries/regions with documented infection Reporting requirements – OIEReporting requirements – OIE Imported birds/products

15. 15 Protecting New Jersey’s Birds … Protecting New Jersey’s Birds … … key to preventing spread of HPAI virus

16. 16 Preventing spread of HPAI virus Early detectionEarly detection Strong surveillance program Strong surveillance program Limit spread of virusLimit spread of virus Effective quarantine zones Elimination of virusElimination of virus Cleaning & disinfection Cleaning & disinfection

17. 17 Enhanced surveillance of avian populationsEnhanced surveillance of avian populations –Commercial poultry –Live bird marketing system –Non-commercial poultry/domestic fowl Non-domestic bird populationsNon-domestic bird populations -Wild bird populations -Zoo/exhibit birds -Wildlife rehabilitators Eliminate virus at point of origin

18. 18 www.nj.gov/agriculture/divisions/ah/diseases/avian_influenza.html

19. 19 Recent outbreaks identified first by veterinarians: California Exotic Newcastle diseaseCalifornia Exotic Newcastle disease West Nile VirusWest Nile Virus MonkeypoxMonkeypox

20. 20 PPE for first responders

21. 21 A chicken breast with a thermometer inserted to verify safe internal cooking temperature of chicken at 165°F. USDA Photo 06di1327 Educational Campaign

22. 22 All utensils that have been exposed to raw poultry should be thoroughly cleaned, such as, in a dishwasher. USDA Photo 06di1329 Educational Campaign

23. 23 It is necessary to thoroughly scrub the countertop area where raw poultry has laid. USDA Photo 06di1336 Educational Campaign

24. 24 Goal upon identification of increased risk to HPAI affecting NJ is to minimize impacts through a coordinated statewide response …

25. 25 Impacts Animal health concernsAnimal health concerns Human health concernsHuman health concerns Economic concernsEconomic concerns –Poultry/egg consumption –Tourism –Jobs –Trade

26. 26 Nancy E Halpern, DVM State Veterinarian New Jersey Department of Agriculture 609-292-3965 Nancy.halpern@ag.state.nj.us www.nj.gov/agriculture/divisions/ah/diseases/avian_influenza.html http://www.avianflu.gov/ http://www.pandemicflu.gov/ Contact and further information