1. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. St John Ambulance Please note: Any deviation from the slides contained in the original presentation are not sanctioned by St John Ambulance. Individuals will be held personally liable for any information on additional slides added to this presentation.

2. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. Head injuries

3. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. Head injuries - compression What you will see: history of a recent head injury the casualty’s responses may worsen the casualty may become unconscious severe headache unequal pupil size.

4. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. Head injuries - compression What you should do: dial 999 or 112 for an ambulance if the casualty is conscious, support and reassure them in a resting position monitor the casualty’s vital signs.

5. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. Hypothermia and Heat exhaustion

6. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. What you should do: bring the casualty inside replace wet clothing with dry clothing re-warm the casualty slowly help the casualty to bed and keep them covered give the casualty warm drinks and high energy foods if the casualty’s condition worsens seek medical help. Hypothermia

7. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. What you should do: help the casualty move to a cool place lay the casualty down and raise their legs give the casualty plenty of water to drink; isotonic drinks or oral rehydration salts will help with salt replacement advise the casualty to seek medical help if the casualty’s condition worsens, place them in the recovery position and dial 999 or 112 for an ambulance. Heat exhaustion

8. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. Primary survey

9. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. Primary survey By the end of this session you will be able to: assess a situation for dangers to yourself and the casualty assess the casualty’s responses, open their airway, check for breathing and check for severe bleeding.

10. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. Primary survey Before attempting first aid you should always: check that you are safe check for a response open the casualty’s airway if necessary check to see if the casualty is breathing check to see if there is any severe bleeding.

11. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. DR ABC Danger Response Airway Breathing Circulation. Primary survey

12. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. Seizures

13. © St John Ambulance. All rights reserved. What you should do: make space around the casualty and move bystanders away and remove dangerous objects record the time the seizure began if possible, place a cushion or coat under the casualty’s head when the seizure has finished check for breathing and if they are breathing place them in the recovery position be prepared to resuscitate. Seizures