1. If These Walls Could Talk II

2. Lesbianism in history  1930-50 In the Closet/ Awaken Most lesbians lived in their private lives Most lesbians lived in their private lives -Hidden Network -Hidden Network  Effects of World War II  More jobs for women  Women ’ s Army Corps  Absence of men

3.  Butch and Femme culture  Surface-imitation of heterosexual roles  Fact- a method for resisting oppression  Lesbian Politics  1951 Male Mattachine Society  1955 Daughters of Bilitis -Educate people that gays and lesbians are no different. -Educate people that gays and lesbians are no different. -Dissociate from bar culture -Dissociate from bar culture

4.  1969 Stonewall Rebellion  -Marks the begging of the gay liberation movemen  70s Desexualized  Heterosexuality=Patriachism ＝＝＝ > against male figure  Political correctness

5.  80s Sexual Liberation  -Reassure butch  -Redefine butch-femme  Joann Loulan ’ s research  90s Politcs of Differentce  Poststructlualism + Deconstructualism+ Psychoanalysis  Assure diversity  Overturn binary of female /male

6.  20C Queer Theory  -Women + Men history being categorized- lesbian, gay, and all the outsiders to  heterosexual norms  21C Issues they face  Legal recognition, child rearing, sharing of medical health benefits, taxes, inheritance..

7. Background of the first story Story of Edith and Abby Story of Edith and Abby Setting: early 60 ’ s Movie: The Children ’ s Hour ( 從此連結到第二張投影片 ) Setting: early 60 ’ s Movie: The Children ’ s Hour ( 從此連結到第二張投影片 ) Society ’ s reaction: conservative, negative, and criticizing. Society ’ s reaction: conservative, negative, and criticizing.

8. Movie: The Children ’ s Hour Star by Shirley Maclaine and Audrey Hepburn Star by Shirley Maclaine and Audrey Hepburn Plot: The lives of the two schoolteachers, Karen and Martha, are ruined by girl ’ s rumor. But this lie turns out to be truth to one of the teacher, Martha. Plot: The lives of the two schoolteachers, Karen and Martha, are ruined by girl ’ s rumor. But this lie turns out to be truth to one of the teacher, Martha.

9. Background of the Second Story Story of Amy and Linda Story of Amy and Linda Setting: early 70 ’ s (Feminism Movement/ Hippie Culture) ( 連結到下一張投影片 ) Setting: early 70 ’ s (Feminism Movement/ Hippie Culture) ( 連結到下一張投影片 ) Society ’ s reaction: Women ’ s social status ↑ / lesbian still discriminated Society ’ s reaction: Women ’ s social status ↑ / lesbian still discriminated

10. Hippie Movement (Youth Movement) Teenagers and young adults from boom generation. Teenagers and young adults from boom generation. Characteristics: Hong hair, use of marijuana and LSD, anti conformist attitude/ looking for happiness, love and peace. Characteristics: Hong hair, use of marijuana and LSD, anti conformist attitude/ looking for happiness, love and peace. Tactics: March, Protest, and music concert. Tactics: March, Protest, and music concert.

11. Background Of the Third Story Story of Fran and Kal Story of Fran and Kal Setting: near 21 century (Gay and Lesbian Movement /Advanced Technology) Setting: near 21 century (Gay and Lesbian Movement /Advanced Technology) Society ’ s reaction: more generous and supportive Society ’ s reaction: more generous and supportive

12. Issue 1: In and Out of the Closet What is in the closet/out of the closet? What is in the closet/out of the closet? Story (1961) Introduction Story (1961) Introduction Opposite Elements in the story Opposite Elements in the story -- Characters in the story are “in the -- Characters in the story are “in the closet” case. closet” case.

13. In/Out of the Closet Definition Definition --Out of the closet: a homosexual is willing to --Out of the closet: a homosexual is willing to identify his own sexuality in public. identify his own sexuality in public. --In the closet: chooses to hide (or disguise himself as a --In the closet: chooses to hide (or disguise himself as a heterosexual) heterosexual) Social Factors Social Factors -- Pressure from the society -- Pressure from the society -- Pressure from family a in the closet case -- Pressure from family a in the closet case

14. Story Introduction: The segment of 1961 Story Plot Story Plot Background Background --The Children’s Hours (A movie within the --The Children’s Hours (A movie within the story) story) Director Director -- Jane Anderson -- Jane Anderson The relationship between the characters Characters-- The relationship between the characters Characters--

15. Opposite Elements In the Story Love Friendship Friendship Love in a lesbian couple a life-long friendship between two best friend They are lesbian couple, but disguise (or protect) They are lesbian couple, but disguise (or protect) themselves with the name of “friendship”  in closet case themselves with the name of “friendship”  in closet case => Facing the beloved one’s death, but can do nothing => Facing the beloved one’s death, but can do nothing about it or be treated as a spouse. about it or be treated as a spouse. 1. No one can intrude into their love  it is raped and protected like a secret castle like a secret castle =>The pictures being taken from the walls =>The pictures being taken from the walls 2. Their secret place is exposed to the others when Abby died => feeling being deprived. (Others intrude into their place) => feeling being deprived. (Others intrude into their place) => feeling contradictory: is the dead one’s spouse emotionally => feeling contradictory: is the dead one’s spouse emotionally but appear as a friend in reality  in the closet but appear as a friend in reality  in the closet

16. Homosexual family  Heterosexual family Homosexual Family Heterosexual Family Heterosexual Family Abby and Edith love each other and become life-long spouses, even have a house (in the closet )  An idea that A and E can not reach. (out of closet) not reach. (out of closet) Abby’s relatives, a family of three members, who are going to take over the house where Abby and Edith spend their whole life. *Image of home  fragile Birds and Birds’ nest: Birds and Birds’ nest: -- high and tall (an idea) -- high and tall (an idea) -- little fallen birds (vision -- little fallen birds (vision broken and being hurt) broken and being hurt) -- adult bird (idea might be -- adult bird (idea might be realized in the future) realized in the future) Intruders, get into the place Intruders, get into the place A and E shares without A and E shares without knowing or understanding knowing or understanding their relationship.  they are in their relationship.  they are in the closet the closet (taking away the crystal birds) (taking away the crystal birds)  invade and deprive from a  invade and deprive from a outsiders’ view outsiders’ view Outsiders:The heterosexual family /camera shot /we(the audiences) Connection: Edith and the little girl (sorrow sharing/ the presence of Edith’ self reflection)  story she told to the girl Edith’ self reflection)  story she told to the girl

17. Gender Identity  Second Story Fixed Role: Character : AMY -Male-like Appearance and Behavior (Dyke) Contradiction:-vulnerable -unsure of her own ID

18. Character: Linda -More Feminine -More Feminine -Feminist Lesbian Contradiction: -More outspoken than Amy -More confident?

19. Feminism vs Lesbian Feminist rejects lesbian Feminist rejects lesbian Feminism is the “ real issue ” Lesbianism is a drag to the Feminism Lesbianism is a drag to the Feminism Club cannot meet on campus because of the lesbians Diana sees lesbianism for the future Diana sees lesbianism for the future Told Linda that they can have a lesbian club next year

20. Lesbian vs Butch Lesbian is against butch Lesbian is against butch -did not accept her appearance -think Amy is “ worse than man ” Wants butch to be like them Wants butch to be like them -force Amy to wear their blouse Lesbian draws their border with butch Lesbian draws their border with butch -always stood apart (bar scene, patio scene, living room)

21. Feminism vs Butch Butch violates Feminist belief Butch violates Feminist belief -man like behavior (copy male image, dildo, etc … ) Butch have bad impression of Feminist Butch have bad impression of Feminist “ I thought you were a tough feminist ”

22. Issues in 3rd Story (2000) -- to get pregnant, in search of a sperm donor. the gender roles are still fixed (not free) the gender roles are still fixed (not free) There is definitely a 'he' and a 'she,' 'he' wants to give her sperms There is definitely a 'he' and a 'she,' 'he' wants to give her sperms 'he' holds “ the sperm tank ” in front of his 'crutch.' -- “ penis envy ” 'he' holds “ the sperm tank ” in front of his 'crutch.' -- “ penis envy ” don't want men's intrusion; on the other, ‘ he' definitely plays the male role of making the decisions and inserting sperms. don't want men's intrusion; on the other, ‘ he' definitely plays the male role of making the decisions and inserting sperms. the position in their sexual intercourse (femme on top) the position in their sexual intercourse (femme on top) she once sits son 'his ball ‘ she once sits son 'his ball ‘ **Compare with the sex act in 2nd Story (butch on top) **Compare with the sex act in 2nd Story (butch on top)

23. Freedom of their choices: Looks Freedom of their choices: Looks  Resemblance (No ethnic baby, Blond hair, blue eyes)  Profession  IQ over 95 Limited elements of choice: Limited elements of choice: Carpenter “ Jesus ” ＝＞ Professor Carpenter “ Jesus ” ＝＞ Professor

24. Utopia of Equality and Freedom? doesn't seem an accurate reflection of reality — doesn't seem an accurate reflection of reality — Money Issue Money Issue (they are upper middle class) (they are upper middle class) Adoption is easy Adoption is easy (The Adoption and Children Bill 2001 allows couples to adopt) (The Adoption and Children Bill 2001 allows couples to adopt) Possibility of incest Possibility of incest Issues in Homosexual Parenting Issues in Homosexual Parenting 1. children brought up by gay fathers or lesbian mothers will show disturbances in gender identity and/or in gender role behavior 1. children brought up by gay fathers or lesbian mothers will show disturbances in gender identity and/or in gender role behavior 2. courts have expressed fears that children in the custody of gay or lesbian parents will be more vulnerable to mental breakdown 2. courts have expressed fears that children in the custody of gay or lesbian parents will be more vulnerable to mental breakdown 3. children of lesbian and gay parents may experience difficulties in social relationships 3. children of lesbian and gay parents may experience difficulties in social relationships

25. Stereotypes Cigarette Cigarette

26. motorcycle

27. Binding

28. Other Minorities 1961 At the movie

29. 1961 Youngsters on the street

30. 1961 Ms. In the hospital

31. 1961 Nurses

32. 1961 Abby ’ s nephew and his family

33. 1972 Her roommates

34. 1972 Schoolmates

35. 1972 Botches in the bar

36. 1972 The neighbor

37. 2000 A gay couple

38. 2000 A couple in the hospital

39. Symbols 1. house-family. Being together Shelter. The only place they can express their love Shelter. The only place they can express their love A place if sisterhood A place if sisterhood intruder-Amy intruder-Amy Conflict outside and inside of the house Conflict outside and inside of the house

40. 2. Wall-strong contrast to their relationship

41. 3. Pictures-evidences of their love hiding pictures hiding pictures trace trace

42. 4. Birds-the spirit of Abby Edith ’ s protection to birds Edith ’ s protection to birds The status of birds---lifeless The status of birds---lifeless

43. The real birds---continuation their love The real birds---continuation their love

44. 5. Hand-shaking---friendly understanding 6. Dressing and hair style 1st: Abby---short hair/trouser 1st: Abby---short hair/trouser Edes---long hair/ skirt Edes---long hair/ skirt 2nd: girls---no bra/marijuana/blouse/long hair 2nd: girls---no bra/marijuana/blouse/long hair tom boy Amy---tie/short hair/breast bounding/gentleman like/harley tom boy Amy---tie/short hair/breast bounding/gentleman like/harley 3rd: no obvious differences 3rd: no obvious differences

45. 7 color---(decoration of house) 1st---traditional

46. 2nd---sinple and less decoration

47. 3rd---colorful

48. Conclusion Beautifying and simplify situation Beautifying and simplify situation It is not quite related to the reality It is not quite related to the reality Our group discussion Our group discussion Questions Questions