1. PreAP Bio Foldables

2. Notes and Foldables
The first part of the power point should go in your notebook
Don’t forget CORNEL STYLE NOTES
The rest of the power point will go in there.

3. Vocabulary (In notebook)
Hydrophobic – molecule that does NOT want to be around water ** NONPOLAR (ex: oil)
HATES WATER
Hydrophilic – molecule that wants to be around water -** POLAR (ex: sugar, salts, other waters)
LOVES WATER

4. Phospholipids (In notebook)
Draw this diagram in your notes
Phosphate Head
HYDROPHILIC “Loves Water”
HYDROPHOBIC “Hates Water”
Lipid Tails

5. Cell (or Plasma) Membrane (In notebook)
Phospholipid Bilayers – lipid layers creates a water proof boundary for the cells (Purple Area)

6. Cell (or Plasma) Membrane (In notebook)
* Cell membranes control what enters or leaves the cells

7. Vocabulary (In notebook)
Solute – a molecule that is being dissolved
Ex: salt or sugar will dissolve in water
NOTICE: look how the water molecules orient themselves to the + or – solute ions
Na+ (Sodium Ion)
Cl- (Chlorine Ion)

8. Vocabulary (In notebook)
Solvent – a molecule that can dissolve something
Ex: Water (the universal solvent)

9. Vocabulary (In notebook)
Solution – made up of solvent and solutes
Solute
Solute
Water
Solute

10. Vocabulary (In notebook)
Concentration Gradient – the difference between molecules (green hexagons) on opposite sides of the membrane

11. Notice the difference between HIGH concentration and LOW concentration

12. IF they can, molecules will ALWAYS try to equal out on both sides

13. Vocabulary (In notebook)
Equilibrium – when solute amounts are EQUAL everywhere (usually referring to both sides of a membrane)

14. Vocabulary (In notebook)
Permeable – when molecules can cross a membrane

15. Vocabulary (In notebook)
Selectively Permeable – when certain molecules are allowed to cross a membrane

16. The rest of the slides go into your foldables…

17. Cellular Transport Foldable

18. Show Landscape vs Portrait orientation

19. Cellular Transport Foldable
While holding the paper in Landscape orientation, fold your sheet of paper along the long edge, but leave about 1cm (one finger width) at the bottom of the page

20. Cellular Transport Foldable
Write “Cellular Transport” at the bottom of the page (the 1cm section)

21. Cellular Transport Foldable
Open the page back up

22. Cellular Transport Foldable
Fold the page along the short edge, BUT JUST crease the upper portion in half (crease down the blue dotted line)

23. Cellular Transport Foldable
Fold each edge into the middle upper fold you just made and crease only in the upper section again.

24. Cellular Transport Foldable
Cut along the dotted lines that are colored blue in this picture

25. Cellular Transport Foldable
Simple Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated
Diffusion
Active
Transport
Cellular Transport
Label the outside flaps with “Simple Diffusion”, “Osmosis”, “Facilitated Diffusion”, and “Active Transport”

26. Cellular Transport Foldable
Upper inside flap Picture of Simple Diffusion
Upper inside flap Picture of Osmosis
Upper inside flap Picture of Facilitated Diffusion
Upper inside flap
2 Pictures for Active Transport
Lower inside flap
Describe Simple Diffusion
Lower inside flap
Describe Osmosis
Lower inside flap
Describe Facilitated Diffusion
Lower inside flap
Describe Active Transport
Cellular Transport
Draw the pictures and describe the transport from the following slides…

27. Picture for Simple Diffusion Inside Upper Flap
HIGH Concentration
LOW Concentration

28. Simple Diffusion (Inside lower flap)
(Vocabulary) Diffusion - ALWAYS moves solutes from High Concentration  Low Concentration (Down the concentration gradient)
Simple diffusion allows molecules to move through the phospholipid bilayer without needing help.
Diffusion NEVER needs energy (ATP)

29. Simple Diffusion (Inside lower flap)
Examples:
1) perfume/cologne will diffuse through the entire room when someone sprays it.
2) if the room catches on fire, the students will diffuse from inside (High concentration) to outside (Low concentration) of students
3) a child going down a slide is like moving down the concentration gradient.

30. Picture for Facilitated Diffusion Inside Upper Flap
HIGH Concentration
LOW Concentration

31. Facilitated Diffusion (Inside lower flap)
Facilitated Diffusion ALWAYS moves from High Concentration  Low Concentration (Down the concentration gradient)
(Vocabulary) Facilitated diffusion - REQUIRES a helper transport protein to get solute molecules across the phospholipid bilayer.
Facilitated Diffusion NEVER needs energy (ATP)

32. Facilitated Diffusion (Inside lower flap)
The solute molecules are either Too BIG or Too HYDROPHILIC to cross the lipid area of the phospholipid bilayer
Transport proteins act as a tunnel that solutes travel through.

33. Picture for Osmosis Inside Upper Flap
HIGH Concentration
LOW Concentration

34. Osmosis (Inside lower flap)
Osmosis ALWAYS moves from High Concentration  Low Concentration (Down the concentration gradient)
Osmosis REQUIRES a helper transport protein to get WATER molecules ( ) across the phospholipid bilayer.
Osmosis NEVER needs energy (ATP)

35. Osmosis (Inside lower flap)
(Vocabulary) Osmosis – Movement of water across a membrane
Water molecules will never be able to easily cross the lipid area of the phospholipid bilayer, but ALL CELLS NEED WATER
Aquaporin is the transport protein that acts as a tunnel that solutes travel through.

36. 2 Pictures for Active Transport Inside Upper Flap
NOTICE: There are two pictures for Active Transport. Put one picture above the other on the inside upper flap…
Picture 1
Picture 2

37. Picture 1 for Active Transport Inside upper flap
HIGH Concentration
ATP
LOW Concentration

38. Picture 2 for Active Transport Inside upper flap
HIGH Concentration
LOW Concentration

39. Active Transport (Inside lower flap)
Active Transport ALWAYS moves from LOW Concentration  HIGH Concentration (AGAINST the concentration gradient)
(Vocabulary) Active Transport- ALWAYS REQUIRES ENERGY (ATP) and a helper transport protein to get solute molecules across the phospholipid bilayer AGAINST the concentration gradient
Active Transport ALWAYS needs energy (ATP)

40. Active Transport (Inside lower flap)
Ex: Think of a bouncer at a popular club. When the cell (club) is full, and a solute (person) wants to try and get in, they have to PAY the bouncer to let them “sneak” by. Money would be like the cell paying ATP energy to make the protein channel (bouncer) let the solute (person) in.

41. Active Transport (Inside lower flap)
Active Transport is the only kind of cell movement that REQUIRES energy to work.

42. Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable
(Use your other sheet of clean paper)

43. Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable
In landscape orientation again, fold your sheet of paper along the long edge leaving about 1cm (one finger width) at the bottom of the page

44. Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable
Write “Tonic Solution Concentration” at the bottom of the page (the 1cm section)

45. Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable
Open the page back up

46. Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable
Fold over 1/3 of the page ( the folded section is about equal length to the non-folded section) and crease the top section to the middle line

47. Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable
Repeat on the other side, folding the edge to the first crease to make the 2nd crease

48. Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable
Cut along the blue dotted lines

49. Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Tonic Solution Concentration
Label the outside flaps with “Hypertonic”, “Isotonic”, and “Hypotonic”

50. Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable
Hypertonic description
On page 211 in book
Isontonic description On page 211 in book
Hypotonic description On page 211 in book
Tonic Solution Concentration
You will use the descriptions to explain what's happening in the pictures from page 211 and the pictures from the same page on the next stlide

51. Tonic Solution Concentration Foldable
Plant cell picture
Plant cell picture
Plant cell picture
Animal cell picture
Animal cell picture
Animal cell picture
Tonic Solution Concentration
Divide the bottom sections into 2 parts for each section. One for plant cells one for animal (blood) cells. DO NOT MIX UP THE PICTURES WITH WRONG DESCRIPTIONS

52. Types of osmotic solutions
Hypotonic Solution
High water purity (lots of water molecules) & less solutes = water moves in & cell expands and may burst (Cytolysis)
Isotonic Solution
Equal solutes & water molecules, so equal movement of water into and out of the cell
Hypertonic Solution
Low water purity (few water molecules) because of more solutes = water moves out & cell shrinks (Plasmolysis)

53. Cells in various solutions Copy this chart in your IAN
Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic
LYSE
NORMAL
animal
PLASMOLYSIS
Plant, fungus, algae, bacteria
TURGID
FLACCID

55. Cells in hypotonic solution
Cells in hypertonic solution
Cells in isotonic solution