1. Cataloging Trends and Challenges Richard Wisneski August 2008 Kelvin Smith Library Case Western Reserve University

2. Current Trends and Challenges: Increasing publication costs Increasing electronic resources and freely available resources Inflation rate for library materials rising Increasing reliance on cooperative ventures

3. Process of creating MARC records will evolve over the next 5 years Outsourcing the creation of MARC records for published materials will continue to expand Metadata in non-MARC formats from venders will increasingly be used to populate fields in MARC records rather than be entered locally at every institution Less emphasis on rigid data formatting; more emphasis on usefulness of data to patrons.

4. FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records) Displays existing subject reference structures in authority files better Allows users to better navigate the subject reference structure, moving from "see references" to authorized headings. Display will make better use of relationships between bibliographic entities.

5. FRBR -- Continued Example: OCLC Fiction FinderOCLC Fiction Finder

6. Cataloging Staffs… Will apply appropriate metadata format to a particular situation Will know non-MARC standards and emerging metadata schemes, such as Dublin Core, VRA, TEI, MODS More time devoted to authority control, subject analysis, resource identification

7. From "On the record: Report of The Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control" 5 recommendations: 1. Increase cooperation and sharing of bibliographic records. 2. Expose users to rare and unique materials held by libraries 3. Recognize the WWW as the platform for delivery. 4. Investigate the potential of FRBR 5. Strengthen library and information science programs

8. From "Response to 'On the record: Report of the Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control'" Supports: 1. Being more flexible in accepting bibliographic data from others (e.g. publishers) that do not conform precisely to U.S. library standards 2. Data sharing with publishers and vendor partners 4. Development of mechanisms to use data and metadata from network resources (e.g. indexing services, Amazon, IMDb) 5. Exploration of tools to share bibliographic data, such as Open Archive Initiative-Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH). 6. More cataloging of materials in special collections -- finding aids accessible vial online catalogs (e.g. EAD) 7. Develop a more flexible, extensible metadata carrier -- recognize that Z39.2/MARC are no longer fit for the purpose; work to implement a carrier that is capable of representing the full range of data of interest to libraries 8. MODS, MARCXML, METS, Dubin Core, and other evolving standards to enable broader use and maximization of LC data

9. Metadata Example MARC Record: Umbrellas and their history

10. Umbrellas and their History LEADER 00000nam 2200000Ia 4500 001 53177393 003 OCoLC 005 20031010070046.0 008 031010s1871 enka r 000 0 eng d 040 CWR|cCWR 049 CWRR 090 GT2210|b.S3 1871a 100 1 Sangster, William,|d1808-1888 245 10 Umbrellas and their history /|cby William Sangster ; with illustrations by Bennett 260 London [England] ;|aNew York [N.Y.] :|bCassell, Petter, and Galpin,|c[1871?] 300 80 p. :|bill. ;|c19 cm 533 Photocopy.|bLaCrosse, Wis. :|cBrookhaven Press :|cdigital production by Northern Micrographics, Inc.,|d2001.|e29 cm 650 0 Umbrellas 776 1 |cOriginal|w(DLC) 14016385

11. MARC XML 01177nam a2200313Ia 4500 2407600 19890803132127.0 760901s1871 enka 000 0 engm 14016385.b16932407 ux - 01177nam a2200313Ia 4500

12. Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS)(METS) Used for: Encoding administrative, structural, and descriptive metadata about objects within a digital library Providing a useful standard for the exchange of digital library objects between repositories Providing a coherent means for archiving digital objects and their metadata Standardizing the containers for digital library metadata (similar to MARC) and the rules for the metadata content itself (similar to AACR).

13. Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) -- Continued Used by Mark Twain Project California Digital Library, EscholarshipEscholarship University of Michigan, MbooksMbooks Etc.

14. <mets:dmdSec ID="DID001" CREATED="2006-08- 22T15:56:00 Umbrellas and their history Sangster, William 1808- 1888 creator METS RECORD SAMPLE:

15. Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS)(MODS) Used for… Representing metadata for harvesting Representing a simplified MARC record in XML Simplifying the full MARC format, yet being richer than Dublin Core Being more end user oriented than the full MARCXML

16. Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) -- Continued Used By: Library of Congress American Memory ProjectAmerican Memory Project Kelvin Smith Library’s Classics Slide CollectionClassics Slide Collection Center for Digital Initiatives, Brown University Center for Digital Initiatives Ethnomusicological Video, Indiana University Ethnomusicological Video Etc.

17. MODS Record Sample MARC Tags: 1XX – author 245 – title 300 – physical description 546 – language 6XX – subject headings 500 – general note titleInfo Note Name Subject typeOfResource Classification Genre relatedItem originInfo Identifier Language Location Extent Access Condition Abstract tableOfContents targetAudience

18. Dublin Core (DC)(DC) Used for Promoting the widespread adoption of interoperable metadata standards Providing card catalog-like definitions for defining the properties of objects for Web-based resource discovery systems Representing 15 core elements likely to be useful across a broad range of disciplines of study. Providing a core set of elements that could be shared across disciplines or within any type of organization

19. Dublin Core (DC)(DC) Used by Kelvin Smith Library Digital Case Cleveland State University’s Cleveland Memory ProjectCleveland Memory Project Ohio’s Heritage Northeast Etc. etc.

20. Dublin Core Record Sample Sangster, William, 1808-1888 London : Cassell, Petter, and Galpin 1871 by William Sangster. Umbrellas text English 80 p. illus. 19 cm. text/xml This work is in the public domain and may be freely downloaded for personal or academic use. sanumb00

21. Text Encoding Initiative (TEI)(TEI) Used for: Storing information for the long term Analyzing information Sharing information Digital libraries Scholarly editions Manuscript collections and descriptions

22. Text Encoded Initiative (TEI) Used by Brown University, Women Writers ProjectWomen Writers Project University of Maryland, Dickinson Electronic ArchivesDickinson Electronic Archives University of Virginia, Westward ExplorationWestward Exploration Miami University of Ohio, The Poetess ArchiveThe Poetess Archive Etc., etc.

23. TEI Record Sample An electronic version of Umbrellas and their history Sangster, William, 1808-1888 Creation of TEI.2-conformant electronic version. Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University 115 kb KSL Digital Book Collection Digital Case, Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, Ohio 2006

24. Conclusion Transfer data to catalog cards Applicable to today’s online environment?  Think of history behind MARC