1. Do parents drive their kids to cheat? Anthony Fontana * fontana7@msu.edu

2. Does parental pressure push students to cheat?  125 participated in the survey  59 males and 66 females  ages 13 to 18  Survey of 10 questions focusing on personal and parental expectations as well as the consequences for not meeting these expectations

3. What percent of these students do you think admitted to cheating?

4. 73%

5. Other interesting results Males o 41 of 59 admitted to cheating o 80.5% of those 41 have cheated in the last year and a half. o 90% of these students have grades of a C or better. The majority of kids are in the A-B range. Females o 76% admit cheating at some point o 34 of the the 50 girls have cheated in the last year and a half. o 100% of these students are C and above students. A-B range almost triples that of B-C range.

6. Parental Expectations Straight A ’ s: Males: 13 of 41 32% Females: 25 of 50 50% Anything above a C: Males: 25 of 41 61% Females: 18 of 50 36% Passing grades: Males: 3 of 41 7% Females: 6 of 50 12% Supporting Evidence Pearlin, Yarrow and Scarr (1967): 81% of students cheated when high pressure was placed on child by a mother. When students are pressured by their father, 60% showed cheating behavior. Little or no pressure for success creates far fewer circumstances of cheating. “ Unintended Effects of Parental Aspirations: The Case of Children's Cheating ”

7. Student Response Why do you think students cheat on tests? (Only check 2 please) To receive a good grade To meet parental expectations To meet personal expectations To meet expectations that a Teacher may have for you Came to test unprepared Surveys including response, “ To meet parental expectations ” 35 of 91 or 38.5% Hypotheses for these results: 1)Parental expectations actually motivate students to cheat. 2) Students use parental expectations for an excuse to cheat.

8. Deterring Cheating Student Suggestions Increased space between students Variety of tests Constant monitoring Strict rules/threats Research Findings Warnings and Threats Use of an additional proctor Multiple versions of test Avoiding multiple choice tests and spacing students are not completely effective due to other forms of cheating. Kerkvliet & Sigmund, 1999