1. Bloodborne Pathogens An overview of the OSHA standard designed to protect you from bloodborne pathogens

2. Introduction  Exposure to bloodborne pathogens can occur anywhere including your workplace.  Infection on the job most often occurs by direct exposure to blood.  At school, your risk is low because contact with blood is infrequent--but still possible.

3. Bloodborne Diseases  Blood can carry many diseases  The 3 most common are  HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)  HBV (hepatitis B virus)  HCV (hepatitis C virus)

4. Human Immunodeficiency Virus  HIV attacks the body’s immune system  A person can be infected with HIV and take years to develop symptoms  Symptoms can be flu-like--fatigue, fever, diarrhea  A person infected with HIV will develop AIDS and/or AIDS related illnesses—cancer, neurological problems, opportunistic infections  HIV is transmitted through sexual contact or contact with blood and other body fluids  There is NO vaccine to prevent HIV

5. Hepatitis B Virus  Hepatitis--“inflammation of the liver”—can cause serious liver damage, cirrhosis, and death  Symptoms can be flu-like—fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, jaundice—and can become so severe that hospitalization is needed or a person may have NO symptoms at all  A person without symptoms may not know that he is infected  HBV can be transmitted by blood, saliva and other body fluids  HBV can be transmitted to family members, sexual partners and unborn infants

6. Hepatitis C Virus  HCV also affects the liver  Symptoms may be flu-like as with HBV  75% of people with HCV have NO symptoms and 85% of these will develop chronic liver disease  A blood test is needed to determine if the virus is HBV or HCV  HCV is the #1 indicator for liver transplant  There is NO vaccine to prevent HCV

7. Transmission  Bloodborne diseases are found in  Blood  Other body fluids containing visible blood  Semen or vaginal secretions  Loose or torn skin  Bloodborne diseases can enter the body through  Open cuts, abrasions, nicks in the skin  Dermatitis  Acne  Mucous membranes of eyes, mouth or nose

8. Transmission  Infection can be spread by injury from a contaminated object such as  Broken glass  Needles  Knives or other sharp metals  Indirectly, a person can transmit bloodborne diseases by touching an infected surface or object and transferring the disease to their  eyes  nose  mouth  open skin

9. Transmission  A major source for transmission of hepatitis is contaminated surfaces.  HBV can survive for at least one week on environmental surfaces at room temperature.

10. Standard Precautions  All persons are treated the same regardless of age, sex, socioeconomic class or geographic location.  Every person and every body fluid is treated as a potential source of infectious disease.

11. Exposure Control Plan  The School District has developed its own Exposure Control Plan  The Plan  Identifies all staff involved  Identifies potential risks with each job  Determines ways to decrease risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens on the job  A copy is found in each building’s office

12. Protect Yourself  5 strategies to decrease the risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens  Work Practice Controls  Personal Protective Equipment  Housekeeping  Engineering Controls  Hepatitis B Vaccine

13. Work Practice Controls  Wash your hands  After glove removal  If you have direct contact with blood  Personal Hygiene  Do not consume food or beverage or apply make-up where occupational exposure is likely  Minimize splashing, spraying, or generation of droplets when blood is involved  Do not store food or beverage where it could come in contact with blood or other infectious materials

14. Personal Protective Equipment  Types of PPE  Gloves  Gowns  Protective eyewear  Masks  Resuscitation devices  The use of PPE is determined by the amount of anticipated exposure  The District provides any equipment that is needed

15. Personal Protective Equipment  General Rules  PPE must be appropriate for task  PPE must fit properly  PPE must be free from defects  PPE must be used each time there is contact with potentially infectious materials  Training on the use of PPE must occur

16. Personal Protective Equipment  Gloves  Must be worn when dealing with blood or other potentially infectious materials  Use once and dispose  Replace if torn or damaged  Wash your hands when task is done  Cover cuts and abrasions with band- aids first  Utility gloves may be decontaminated and reused if they are intact

17. Housekeeping  Contaminated surfaces need to be cleaned as soon as possible  Never handle sharp objects—broken glass—with bare hands  Contaminated sharp objects must be placed in a puncture-resistant container  Custodians trained and equipped to clean up accidents in the classroom

18. Engineering Controls  Red cans  Dispose of contaminated waste-- drippable, pourable, squeezable-- ONLY  Located in each nurse’s office  If you’re in doubt, use the red can

19. Hepatitis B Vaccine  The District provides this as a benefit for all employees considered at risk for exposure  If you have not had the vaccine, and would like to receive it,please see the nurse.  If you have an exposure and have not had the vaccine, you can begin the series within 24 hours (and complete it) to acquire protection

20. Exposure  Notify your supervisor and/or the nurse  You are entitled to  A confidential medical evaluation  Blood tests  Post-exposure treatment if available  Follow-up counseling  This is coordinated through Krohn Clinic or Black River Memorial Hospital

21. Summary  Treat everyone the same  Anticipate your exposure  Protect yourself--use the appropriate equipment  Get the Hepatitis B vaccine series  Familiarize yourself with the ECP

22. Signature page  I have received and read the information pertaining to Bloodborne Pathogens.  I understand that if I have any questions regarding this information I should contact a District nurse. Name Date Please return this form to Randi Arneson