1. Learning Objectives *continued from last lesson
Chap 7 – Part II (Continuation) The Vertebral Column, Thoracic Cage & Pectoral Girdle
Learning Objectives
*continued from last lesson

2. Can you Guess What’s Wrong? (Problems with the Spine)
What’s the condition causing the spine to twist?
What’s this condition?
And, this condition?

3. Exploring the Spine, page 135
Instructions: Number & count how many vertebrae in each region.
How many total bones in the spine?

4. General Vertebral Bone Markings, pg 136
Instructions: Match the bone marking with its anatomical name. 3
Spinous process
Vertebral foramen
Pedicle
Transverse process
Body 2
(opening) 1 5

5. Cervical Vertebrae, pg 137
C1 (atlas), for example, has no body or spinous process
All vertebrae have a common structural pattern (as seen in previous slide).
Vertebrae of each region also have certain characteristics.
C2 (axis) has a typical body & spine but also features a knoblike tooth called a “dens”
dens

6. Cervical Vertebrae continued
C3 – C7 have the following distinguishable characteristics (fill in your notes as I discuss):
1. The_____ is oval – wider from side to side.
2. Except for C7, the ________ ________ is short and split at the top.
3. Vertebral _____ is large and __________.
4. Each transverse process contains a _________ __________ through which the vertebral arteries pass to service the brain.

7. Thoracic Vertebrae, pg 138
All ________ with the ribs and have 5 other characteristics:
1. Body is heart-shaped and bears two small ______ (small joints)
2. Vertebral _______ is circular.
3. Spinous _______ is long & points sharply downward.
4. With the exception of T11 – T12, the transverse _______ have facets.’
5. Sup. & inf. articular facets lie in the frontal plane (preventing ________ & extension but allows for rotation).

8. Lumbar Vertebrae, pg
Sturdy & larger with 4 other notable characteristics:
1. The ______ and laminae are shorter & thicker than other vertebrae.
2. The spinous ________ are short, flat, and hatchet-shaped.
3. The ______ ________ is triangular.
4.The _____ orientation helps to lock them together.

9. Sacrum, pg 141 Coccyx Forms ___________ wall of the pelvis
Formed by ___ fused vertebrae
Coccyx
Also known as ______________
Consists of __ fused vertebrae

10. Bones of the Thoracic Cage, pg 142
manubrium
sternum
7 true ribs
Costal cartilage
Xiphoid process
False ribs
Floating ribs (11-12)
NOTE: You may want to label pg 142 in textbook also matching it up with this slide.

11. Bones of the Pectoral (Shoulder)
Consists of:
1. _______ (anteriorly)
2. ________ (posteriorly)

12. Pectoral Bones, pg 145
Label your practice diagram (all parts).

13. Scapula, pg 144 Label ONLY red parts.

14. Practice Review
Instructions: Complete questions on pages 133 – 134, 135, 139, 143 – 144 in your textbook, “The Anatomy Assignment”.