1. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Jennifer Holland Cameron University Majoring in Wagering: College Student Gambling

2. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 History of Gambling in Oklahoma1982: Legalization of racetrack gambling 1988-2008: 1988-2008: more than 100 tribal casinos and bingo halls open ?1988: Indian Gaming Regulatory Act 2004: Voters approve state lottery and racetrack casinos http://www.newsok.com/article/3071999/

3. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Gambling in Oklahoma  Oklahoma Lottery –Scratchers –Powerball –Cash 5 –Pick 3  Casino Gaming  Internet Gambling  Bingo  Horse Racing  Poker/Cards  Pari-mutuel Wagering  Charitable Gaming  Sports Betting

4. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Size of the industry

5. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Nationally  Total spent on legal gambling has increased 25% since 2003.  2/3 of adults placed a bet last year.  37 states have lotteries.  Lottery profits are $17 billion annually.  260 casinos on Indian reservations –Located in 31 states –$6.7 billion revenue annually  Casinos profit $30 billion annually.  Internet gambling has nearly doubled every year since 1997. Source: The Oklahoman

6. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Oklahoma  Growth in Oklahoma in 2006 up 24.7%  2032 lottery retailers  Oklahoma has more than 100 casinos and bingo halls, 2 horsetracks/racinos  57,000 slot machines - Gaming machine count ranks 3 rd in the nation  $2.2 billion revenue reported by tribal casinos in 2007  2006 spending per capita in Oklahoma was double the national average. Sources: 2006 North American Gaming Almanac and 2006 Indian Gaming Industry Report

7. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 defining the issue

8. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Statistics  80% of adults gambled in the past year; 15% gambled in the last week.  22% of teens admitted to gambling at a casino by their senior year of high school.  15 million people display sign of gambling addiction  Men consistently have higher prevalence rates  75,000 problem and compulsive gamblers in Oklahoma  Households with less than $10,000 spend more on lotteries that those with incomes over $50,000. Source: The Oklahoman

9. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Definitions  Problem Gambling: –Gambling behavior which causes disruptions in any major area of life  Pathological: –Persistent and recurrent maladaptive gambling behavior that disrupts personal, family, or vocational pursuits –Pathological Gambling a.k.a. “Compulsive Gambling” or “Gambling Addiction” Source: National Council on Problem Gambling

10. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Telling the Difference Social Gambling Occasional gambler; sticks with time limits Sticks to limits of money to play with Hopes to win but expects to lose Can take it or leave it; has other activities/interests Problem Gambling Frequent, or spends more time gambling Plays with money that is needed or borrowed Expects to win; keeps playing to win back losses Preoccupied about gambling; restless if trying to cut down

11. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 College Quick Facts  50.4%: –College men who gamble on cards at least once a month  26.6% –College women who gamble on cards at least once a month  26% –College men who gamble in online card games at least once a month Source: Annenberg Public Policy Center (2005)

12. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Recognizing gambling problems  Unexplained absences/sudden drop in grades.  Sudden visible changes in behavior/personality  Possession of a large amount of money, brags about winning.  Unusual interest in sport scores or stats.  Intense interest in conversations about gambling.  Unexplained financial problems.  Starts screening phone calls in fear of debt collectors. http://www.lanecounty.org/prevention/gambling/youth_signs_PG.htm

13. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Most Common Effects of Problem Gambling  Debt  Crime  Depression/Suicide  Relationship problems  Employment problems  Concurrent alcohol and/or drug problems Source: Moore, T.L., & Marotta, J. (2007). Oregon Gambling Treatment Programs Evaluation Update. $23,000 average 1 in 4 1 in 19 attempt suicide 1 in 4 1 in 7 1 in 3 alcohol problem 1 in 10 drug problem 7 in 10 use tobacco

14. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Reasons Students Are Gambling  Chance to win money  Excitement  Time with friends  Distraction from everyday life and school  Looks like an easy/quick way to get rich  Rush of winning  Feeling of being important http://www.lanecounty.org/prevention/gambling/youth_risk_factors.htm

15. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Why are Students at Risk?  Age  Availability  Acceptability  Advertising/Media  Access to Cash

16. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Age of our students

17. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Rates of Problem Gambling by Age Sources: Carlson & Moore, 1998; Shaffer & Hall, 2001; Moore, 2001; Volberg, 2001

18. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Availability to our campuses

19. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Where are casinos located? http://500nations.com/oklahoma_casinos.asp

20. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Our campuses Number of casinos located within county and in bordering counties  Cameron University - Lawton –Comanche: 3 –Caddo: 3 –Cotton: 4 –Stephens: 3  Casinos in close proximity – 13  Tulsa –Tulsa: 5 –Okmulgee: 2 –Creek: 1 –Pawnee: 2 –Osage: 2 –Washington: 1 –Rogers: 4  Casinos in close proximity – 17

21. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Our campuses Number of casinos located within county and in bordering counties  University of Oklahoma –Cleveland: 3 –Canadian: 1 –McClain: 2 –Pottawatomie: 3  Casinos in close proximity – 9  Riverwind Casino - Newcastle  Oklahoma State University –Pawnee: 2 –Osage: 2 –Kay: 9 –Noble: 1 –Payne: 1 –Creek: 1 –Tulsa: 5  Casinos in close proximity - 20

22. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Our campuses Number of casinos located within county and in bordering counties  East Central University - Ada –Pontotoc: 2 –Murray: 4 –Garvin 1 –McClain: 2 –Cleveland: 3 –Pottawatomie: 3 –Seminole: 6  Casinos in close proximity – 21  Southeastern Oklahoma State University - Durant –Bryan: 2 –Marshall: 2 –Atoka: 1 –Choctaw: 2  Casinos in close proximity – 7

23. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Our campuses Number of casinos located within county and in bordering counties  Northeastern State University - Tahlequah –Cherokee: 2 –Sequoyah: 3 –Muskogee: 2  Casinos in close proximity – 7  Southwestern Oklahoma State University - Weatherford –Custer: 1 –Blaine: 2 –Caddo: 3  Casinos in close proximity - 6

24. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Acceptability in our society

25. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Advertising targets students

26. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Advertisements

27. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Access to ca$h

28. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Assessing the problem

29. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Just How Big is the Problem?  1 in 20 college students will develop a gambling problem –(Shaffer and Hall, 2001)  Approximately 15% of college students are at risk for gambling problems –(Neighbors, University of Washington)

30. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Online Gambling  25,000 gambling web sites  Quickest “incubation period” to addiction  Why? –Impulsivity –Isolation –Intermittent rewards  Players cannot use credit cards to gamble from the U.S. –Players have found alternative methods of depositing money into online gambling sites.

31. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Are Students Gambling Online?  Online Gambling: –$15 Billion in 2006 –½ from U.S.  More than 1 million young people use Internet gambling sites each month –Source: Annenberg Public Policy Center, 2006  Rates of online gambling amount males 18-22 doubled in 2005 –Source: Annerberg Public Policy Center, 2006

32. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Sports Bets  About 30% of U.S. college students will gamble on sports this year (NCPG)  In Oklahoma, sports wagering is illegal.  NCAA rules for student athletes forbid betting on college or professional sports.

33. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Looking at prevention

34. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Treatment/Prevention in Oklahoma  State allocates $750,000 to treatment and prevention  Seeing improvement –134 counselors received gambling specific training –A 24/7 helpline was created –14 providers have become Certified Gambling Treatment Programs –9 facilities offer free outpatient gambling treatment  Treatment and prevention work http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb Oklahoma Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services

35. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Resources Gambling Hot Line (800) 522-4700 www.odmhsas.org/Gambling

36. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Campus responsibility

37. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Questions About Our Institutions  How common is student gambling on your campus?  How are students gambling?  Are you seeing problems or negative effects?  What is the best way to get the attention of students for an issue like this?  What information/services should universities provide?

38. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 What can we do?  Assessment  Awareness  Intervention & Assistance  Policy recommendations  Be proactive

39. Jennifer Holland Dean of Student Services Cameron University 12/13/2007 Thanks to… Julie Hynes Problem Gambling Prevention Program Lane County Health and Human Services Oregon Majoring in Wagering: