2. Types of Impacts Anthropogenic: Man made causes Environmental: Caused by natural processes Urban Development Dams Overfishing Farming Infilling/Dredging Climate Change Storms Tectonics Sea level rise

3. Anthropogenic Urban development Overfishing Garbage Pulp and Paper mills Sewage treatment (or not) Bacterial Antibiotics Hormones Waterway use Petroleums Traffic=erosion Point source pollution Industry Non-point source pollution Impervious surfaces (parking lots) Commercial Finfish Shellfish Recreational Finfish Shellfish Exotic species introduction WORMS??? Pollution Petroleum Erosion/siltation

4. Anthropogenic Farming Infilling/Dredging Crops Nutrients (eutrophication) Pesticides Livestock Bacterial Siltation Fish Escapees Nutrients Feed Creating more land Loss of wetlands (functions) Urban development Dredging Channelizing Spoil Altering tidal movement Impacts salt wedge and other tidal/river influence.

5. Environmental Storms Tectonics Severe erosion Can link bodies of water Causes siltation (sand’s gotta go somewhere) Destroy vegetation Pollute waterways (urban debris) Sinking of land Water fills in a bowl of land Change in water chemistry = change in biota

6. Environmental Advancing wetlands Lose land to water Terrestrial areas become estuarine Loss of habitat (i.e. oysters, eelgrass) Sandy beaches (sea turtle and shore bird habitat nesting sites) Elevated erosion (sedimentation) Sea level rise

7. Remediation Efforts Sewage treatment plants or septic systems Reduction in the use of pesticides/fertilizers Improved BMP’s for road construction Recycling efforts limit amount of debris ending up in environment Dam Removal

8. Proactive remediation efforts Fisheries management (Overfishing) Natural habitat building (Overfishing/siltation/pollution) Oyster reefs Grass bed plantings Artificial Habitat Building Rock reefs Artificial reefs (Concrete/Subway Cars) Beach/River sweeps Painting drains Cleanup activities

9. What You Can Do Respect the environment Understand cause and effect Proper lawn maintenance Fertilize sparingly/use grass clippings as mulch Cut grass taller (deeper roots) Native plants At the waterfront Protect trees shrubs Plant buffers Create fewer impervious surfaces At the Beach Follow management/harvest regulations when fishing “Catch and Release” Pack it in pack it out Stay off the dunes and grasses While Boating Watch your wake Secure items topside Engine leaks Respect habitat EDUCATE!!!