2. Participles What are participles? InfinitivepastPresent Participle Past Participle boreboredboringbored interestinterestedinterestinginterested Look at the verb table below and find out the answers. End with -ing

3. Participles What are participles? InfinitivepastPresent Participle Past Participle boreboredboringbored interestinterestedinterestinginterested Look at the verb table below and find out the answers. End with -ed

4. Participles used as adjectives Examples : 1a. The boring teacher talked for hours. 1b. The bored students fell asleep. 2a. I read an interesting magazine yesterday. 2b. The magazine receives a lot of support from interested readers. Present participles are usually active Past participles are usually passive

5. More examples: 3a. It was an exciting concert. 3b. The excited fans screamed during the concert. 4a. Many young people experience troubling situations. 4b. The Samaritan Befrienders Hong Kong receives calls from troubled young people.

6. Try exercise 1 & 2

7. Participle Phrases What is a participle phrase? A participle phrase is made up of a participle + object / meaningful expression. Example : We get calls from young people worried about relationships. A participle phrase describing the noun before, ie. young people.

8. More examples : 1a. Look at the boy. 1b. Look at the boy climbing the tree. 2a. The man has missed the bus. 2b. The man running down the street has missed the bus 3a. The fans stood up and danced. 3b. The fans, excited by the concert, stood up and danced. A phrase begins with a present participle. (Active) A phrase begins with a past participle. (Passive)

9. Participle phrases as adverbs We can use participle phrases to join two ideas together. HOW? Examples : Feeling upset and confused, the girl called the Samaritans Befrienders Hong Kong. An adverbial phrase giving a reason Who feel upset & confused? The girl in the main course.

10. More examples : 1a. The girl felt upset and confused. She called the Samaritan Befrienders Hong Kong. 1b. Feeling upset and confused, the girl called the Samaritan Befrienders Hong Kong. Notice the changes made.

11. 2a. Ellen listened to the girl. She wished she could help her. 2b. Ellen listened to the girl, wishing she could help her. A participle phrase joining 2 actions which happen together. 3a. He was injured when he was crossing the road. 3b. He was injured crossing the road. A participle phrase joining 2 actions, one of which happens during the other.

12. Try exercise 3 END