1. Understanding APA Conceived by: Gina Robinson, MSN Designed by: Terry Hudson, MA, MDiv

2. Understanding APA 1 Understanding APA Student’s Name Trinity International University Eng111e Instructor’s Name, Degrees Date Understanding APA 1 Understanding APA Student’s Name Trinity International University Eng111e Instructor’s Name, Degrees Date TITLE PAGE 1” Margins Header: First 2-3 Words of Title & Page Number, Upper Right Type: Times New Roman or Courier, 12 pt. Double Spaced No All-Caps. Use Upper and Lower Case Centered No Bold Use Italics Sparingly

3. Understanding APA 2 Abstract The abstract is a brief, comprehensive summary of the contents of the paper, should not exceed 120 words. Understanding APA 2 Abstract The abstract is a brief, comprehensive summary of the contents of the paper, should not exceed 120 words. ABSTRACT PAGE Not indented. Write in 3 rd Person – “This student…” “This writer…”

4. Understanding APA 3 Understanding APA “Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country” (Smith, 2006, p. 1). According to Smith (2006), “Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country” (p.1). (The above are samples of In-Text citations.) Understanding APA 3 Understanding APA “Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country” (Smith, 2006, p. 1). According to Smith (2006), “Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country” (p.1). (The above are samples of In-Text citations.) TEXT PAGE Exact Title Repeated From Title Page Paragraphs Indented 5 Spaces

5. In-Text Citations Format is Last Name, Date, Page or Paragraph in parentheses. Period follows parentheses. Page is p., Multiple Pages are pp. (Smith, 2006, p. 1). In event of On-Line source, paragraph is designated by the symbol ¶ or para. (Smith, 2006, ¶ 1). Multiple authors are connected by “and” – (Smith, Jones, and White, 2007, p. 1). Subsequent references use “et al.” – (Smith, et al., p. 2). Personal Communications have author’s full name and date – (Joyce F. Smith, personal communication, July 4, 2007). Quotations longer than 40 words are block indented 5 spaces from left, left justified only, double spaced, without quotation marks. Note he last period is before the citation – Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. (Smith, 2006, p. 1)

6. Biblical Citations Biblical references that are in the text are spelled out – Romans 1:12 Citations in parentheses use 3-4 letter abbreviation for the book of the Bible, followed by a period – (Rom. 1:12). If a Bible passage is referred to in the text, but not directly quoted, Version is not needed. If the passage is quoted, use Version on the first citation only with letter abbreviation – (Rom. 1:12 NKJV). You do not need to identify the version in subsequent citations, unless you switch to a different translation. Generally, the Bible does not need to be listed on the References page (ask your professor for their preference).

7. Sub-Headings Centered, Upper and Lower Case Letters, Regular Type. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Understanding APA (Title Repeated 1 st Page Only) The Problem Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah… Blah…Blah… The Solution Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah…Blah… Blah…Blah… Etc.

8. Understanding APA 4 References Jones, D.A. (2007). Learning to write. St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Smith, G., Davis, E., & Jones, O. (2006). Quality sleep is key to faculty success: Time for a change. Journal of Education, 2 (10), 3-10. Taylor, O.K. (n.d.). How to use writing skills in life. Retrieved January 29, 2008, from http://www.blahblah Understanding APA 4 References Jones, D.A. (2007). Learning to write. St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Smith, G., Davis, E., & Jones, O. (2006). Quality sleep is key to faculty success: Time for a change. Journal of Education, 2 (10), 3-10. Taylor, O.K. (n.d.). How to use writing skills in life. Retrieved January 29, 2008, from http://www.blahblah REFERENCES PAGE Double Spaced with Hanging Indent Alphabetical Order by Author Authors are Designated by Last Name and Initials Multiple Authors Connected by &

9. References For Dates, Month & Day Follow Year – (2007, July 4). No Date is Designated – (n.d.). In Titles of Books or Journal Articles, First Word and Proper Names Only are Capitalized. Names of Books and Journals (Including Volume) are in Italics. States use 2 Letter Postal Abbreviations - NY The Following Cities Only can be Listed Without a State Abbreviation: Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco. On-Line Sources are Designated – Retrieved January 29, 2008, from http//www.blahblah (No period at end of on-line source.) For Electronic Sources, [Electronic version] Follows Title.

10. Reference American Psychological Association. (2007). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5 th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. Reference American Psychological Association. (2007). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5 th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.