1. Marvels of Communications & Information Service Transistor Invention - The myriads By Dr T.H.Chowdary * Director, Center for Telecom Management & Studies * Chairman, Pragna Bharati (Intellect India), AP * Fellow, Tata Consultancy Services * Former Information Technology Adviser, GOAP Chairman & Managing Director Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd., Bombay T: +91 (40) 6667-1191(O)2784-3121(R) F: +91 (40) 6667-1111 (O)‏ hanuman.chowdary@tcs.com Talk @ IETE & Arora, Hyd: 24 Oct '09

2. THC_CTMSS429_Oct'092 Transistor Invention The face that launched a 1000 ships – Helen of Troy The invention that launched myriad - services & Products Invented in 1947 in Bell Labs Nobel prize to John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley in 1956 I.C invented in 1958 Bell Labs sold to Sony - Xr Radio The transistor & IC : VLSI I billion transistors on a chip Reliability/ non-failure

3. Long Distance Transmission The Audion – Lee De Forest 1907 Modulation 1914 Transcontinental call – 1915 Jan New York – San Francisco 4126 Km 130,000 Poles 870 nbs/lopp mile copper conductors 2500 tons of copper Loading @ 13 km intervals Started with 3 repeaters going to 12 by 1920 3 mnt call priced @ $20=70 1 st carrier transmission Baltimore to Pittsburgh 1920s Radio across Atlantic 1956 TAT.1 with Vaccum Tube amplifier.

4. THC_CTMSS429_Oct'094 Early Bird 1964 Satellites The Laser Fiber Optic Cables 1980s between New York – Washington DWDM 30/40 beams Satellites =200 VSATs – DTH Glassnost- collapse of the evil Empire 1984-Divestiture of AT&T; B.T privatisation NTT break-up India-1994 NTP, 1999 NTP Wireless in the Local Loop Mobile Telephony World- 67% India-45% Metros & D.C >100%

5. THC_CTMSS427_Oct095 PCI A X TSP Time (a) Affordability A PCI/ Tele-Service Price - PCI: Per Capita Income - TSP: Telephone Service Price - A: Affordability Bring down price to increase affordability

6. THC_CTMSS427_Oct096 PCI & Telephony

7. THC_CTMSS429_Oct'097 Haath Haath mein telephone Cell phone from Rs. 16,000 to Rs.800 Call charges Rs. 16 to paise 40 Cell phone – Voice, Text, Images, Internet will PC be undermined?

8. THC_CTMSS429_Oct'098 ICTs in war GPS/GIS Targeted killing gulf War- I & II Israel-Hamas USA in FATA of PAK Men decide: Machines will fight/kill Lasers destroy Satellites Electronic Warfare “ War of the Worlds” Orson Wells

9. THC_CTMSS429_Oct'099 Exploring Life in Space Chandra 2 Planets – 150 light years from us

10. THC_CTMSS429_Oct'0910 Internet Convergence of telecoms & IT Telecoms are photonic electronic information infrastructure World's store-house of information knowledge; leading to “democratisation of knowledge” – enriching, empowering every one “fitted”

11. THC_CTMSS429_Oct'0911 Intelligence- Everywhere Home Human Body Robotisation of work “sensing” body & mind implants

12. THC_CTMSS429_Oct'0912 Collateral Damage Vulgarisation of use ( cell phone becomes “hell phone”) Cyber crimes Addiction & disruption of family

13. THC_CTMSS429_Oct'0913 What God hath Wrought “What God hath Wrought !” - First telegram - Morse “Whatson come here !” - First phone call - Graham Bell Where does man want to reach ? What will imprudent man make of universal communications? Super-man & Life Divine - Aurobindo

14. THC_CTMSS429_Oct'0914 Dhanyawad: Thank You