1. School of Geography FACULTY OF EARTH & ENVIRONMENT Using OAC for analysis of the 2001 Census interaction data Oliver Duke-Williams o.w.duke-williams@leeds.ac.uk www.geog.leeds.ac.uk/people/o.duke-williams/

2. What are Census Interaction data? How can they be used with area classifications Examples

3. ESRC Census Programme Funded from 2006-2011 Separate units for different sets of data Area statistics Boundary data Interaction data Samples of Anonymised Records Longitudinal Study Scottish Longitudinal Study

4. Census Interaction Data What are the Census interaction data? Migration data Journey to work data Journey to school data Interaction data are flow data Also referred to as ‘origin-destination’ data

5. The 2001 Census interaction data Level 1 [‘Districts’] Level 2 [‘Wards’] Level 3 [OAs] Special Migration Statistics 1051 Special Workplace Statistics761 Special Travel Statistics761 Number of dis-aggregate tables in each data set

6. The interaction data at OA level Only one table available SMS: Age by sex SWS / STS: Mode of travel Data are affected by Small Cell Adjustment SCAM applied to Scottish data No OA level SWS for Northern Ireland Observed frequencies of flows of size n, 2001 SMS Level 3

7. OA level SWS Proportion of commuters by OA of residence, who travel by tube to London workplaces Source: 2001 Census – Special Workplace Statistics Level 3

8. OA level SWS Most commonly used mode of transport by OA of residence for journeys to London workplaces Source: 2001 Census – Special Workplace Statistics Level 3

9. Using OAC with interaction data Adding OAC codes to output Aggregate origins or destinations by OAC class Aggregate both by OAC class Use in conjunction with distance data Examples of use with SMS, SWS, STS?

10. Using OAC classifications

11. Aggregation by OAC Example: what classes of areas to migrants to location X come from? Origins: OAs aggregated by OAC supergroup Destinations: three districts with differing degrees of deprivation Rank districts by mean Index of Multiple Deprivation score of contained SOAs Pick highest, lowest and middle

12. Migrants’ origins - supergroup Source: 2001 Census – Special Migration Statistics Level 3

13. Migrants’ origins - supergroup Source: 2001 Census – Special Migration Statistics Level 3

14. Migrant’s origins - supergroup Source: 2001 Census – Special Migration Statistics Level 3

15. Aggregating by OAC and area OAC supergroup of origin OA: class with largest share of in-migrants, by ward OAC supergroup of destination OA: class with largest share of out- migrants, by ward Source: 2001 Census – Special Migration Statistics Level 3

16. Migration between OAC supergroups OriginsDestinations Blue Collar Communities City LivingCountrysideProspering Suburbs Constrained by Circumstances Typical Traits Multicultural Blue Collar Communities297427434056768811742615055816618642462 City Living34542305087390168473845976138404141253 Countryside61016638532323541069633942411932919388 Prospering Suburbs895761373671276113561336901222444756396 Constrained by C’stances15065045039381277239621053511508935760 Typical Traits15393013414712460126151811562940240978837 Multicultural58093127209234746571247256107722419826 Source: 2001 Census – Special Migration Statistics Level 3

17. Net flows between OAC supergroups OriginsDestinations Blue Collar Communities City Living Countryside Prospering Suburbs Constrained by Circumstances Typical Traits Multicultural Net outflow Blue Collar Communities 08863667227850-9212256-1563139918 City Living -88630-24837-52629937425714044-67091 Countryside -6672248370-206481297-5272-4086-10544 Prospering Suburbs -2785052629206480-3384-37071-9316-4344 Constrained by Circumstances 92-937-129733840-540-11496-10794 Typical Traits -12256-42575272370715400-28885-2515 Multicultural 15631-14044408693161149628885055370 Source: 2001 Census – Special Migration Statistics Level 3

18. Aggregate by distance travelled OA 1 OA 2

19. OA level SWS SupergroupPersons km travelled Blue Collar Communities961640.6 City Living8813612.7 Countryside1381377.9 Prospering Suburbs6095943.0 Constrained by Circumstances670537.8 Typical Traits5053535.8 Multicultural9922510.4 Source: 2001 Census – Special Workplace Statistics Level 3 Mean distance travelled (km) to City of London, by OAC supergroup of origin

20. Journey to place of study Group label Group code Underground Train Bus Taxi Car driver Car passenger Motorbike Bicycle On foot Other Terraced Blue Collar 1a1118671249426 Younger Blue Collar 1b3206511422232 Older Blue Collar 1c527912196166343 Transient Communities 2a314547462212 Settled in the City 2b72465104412220 Village Life 3a230121023898753 Agricultural 3b1539109261017121434 Accessible Countryside 3c20289618717555 Prospering Younger Families 4a718671449328 Prospering Older Families 4b13208915483222 Prospering Semis 4c6146615393211 Thriving Suburbs 4d11197713448320 Senior Communities 5a31161312413324 Older Workers 5b7187613599216 Public Housing 5c41255945628 Settled Households 6a411581034424 Least Divergent 6b122610818532348 Young Families in Terraced Homes 6c4167795152248 Aspiring Households 6d72266103 2219 Asian Communities 7a231042423021 Afro-Caribbean Communities 7b22853732223 Source: 2001 Census – Special Travel Statistics Level 3 Mean distance travelled (km) to place of study, by OAC group of origin and mode of transport

21. Conclusions OAC can be used simply as a contextual reference OA level interaction data have to be treated with caution, but are not useless OAC can enhance the OA level interaction data Data can be aggregated on the basis of OAC as well as on the basis of geography Spatial information can be retained by combining OAC aggregation with distance-travelled information