1. Timber Grows on Trees!  Stores carbon  Sustainable Planting to meet demand Recyclable  Selection of product Species of Timber Type of Processing Seasoning Treatment Radiata pine plantation Photo: PTAA Photo: Geoff Boughton

2. Hardwoods and Softwoods  Hardwoods broad leaf generally higher densities often dark in colour  Softwoods needle-like leaves generally lower densities often light in colour Native Australian h’wds include mountain ash brown box spotted gum jarrah Native Australian h’wds include mountain ash brown box spotted gum jarrah common Australian s’wds include radiata pine cypress pine hoop pine common Australian s’wds include radiata pine cypress pine hoop pine Photo: Geoff Boughton

3. Tree Growth  New wood on outside of tree oldest wood on inside of tree youngest wood on outside diameter largest at base one ring (layer) per year  Tree in forest grows towards light trunk straight lower branches die leaving small knots in wood  Bark protects wood from damage tree sheds bark each year

4. Production of Wood Sapling - fibrous juvenile wood becomes pith

5. Production of Wood Cambium - growth cells wood cells created on inside bark cells created on outside Bark - protects wood new bark made continually bark falls off each year Wood - new wood cells on outside newest wood takes nutrients to leaves Pith - the start of growth in the tree the original sapling

6. Production of Wood Cambium - growth cells wood cells created on inside bark cells created on outside Sapwood - newest wood on outside of tree (~ 1-3 cm) takes nutrients from root to leaves Heartwood - older wood cells closed - can’t pass nutrients storage for waste - extractives Pith - the start of growth in the tree the original sapling

7. Production of Wood Cambium - growth cells wood cells created on inside bark cells created on outside Sapwood - newest wood new wood has thin cell walls sapwood most effective on outside Heartwood - older wood oldest sapwood becomes clogged new heartwood added on outside Pith - the start of growth in the tree the original sapling

8. Growth Rings  Early wood rapid growth at beginning of growing season thin, large cells - lighter colour  Late wood slower growth, often limited by lack of water thick small cells - darker colour gives the growth ring Photos: Geoff Boughton

9. Growth Rings  Generally one ring per year some climates may have more than one growth season per year fires or disease may produce an extra ring  Growth rings give texture and figure to wood Photos: Geoff Boughton