2. Treatment of Textile Wastewater using Hybrid Biogranular System
Contact:
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Azmi Aris / Dr. Khalida Muda
Department of Environmental Engineering
Faculty of Civil Engineering
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

3. The Problem

4. Highly colored wastewater from textile industry High concentration of non-biodegradable organics, suspended solids, conductivity, turbidity and intense color

5. 10%
of the chemical in textile processing will remain on the fabric…..

6. 90%
will be discharged in textile effluent
(IPPC, 2003)

7. 80 -100 m3 of textile wastewater are generated per ton fabric
(Savin et al, 2008)

8. Conventional biological system fails to treat textile wastewater8

9. Physico-chemical treatment is available but expensive in terms of chemical and operational costs9

10. Environmental Regulations (Industrial Effluent), 2009
Colour* Std A – 100 ADMI Std B – 200 ADMI
*Color was not regulated in previous regulation

11. Our Solution Hybrid Biogranular System

12. INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS
Features
Treat textile wastewater within relatively short period of time Simple yet reliable and proven effective (90% COD and color removal) Use microorganisms rather than chemicals – no chemical sludge, environmentally sustainable
INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS

13. Basis of Technology Anaerobic followed by Aerobic stage
INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS

14. Biogranules function in both anaerobic and aerobic
Bioflocs
Biogranules
Use biogranules instead of bioflocs - higher biomass concentration and shorter sedimentation time
Biogranules function in both anaerobic and aerobic
Hybrid - requires only one reactor – small foot-print
Excess biogranules (sludge) - stored or sold to other treatment plant - potential source of income
INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS

15. INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS
WHAT IS BIOGRANULES
Biogranules
Developed in the reactor under specific conditions
Irregular shape with smooth surface
Size of mm in diameter as compared to for flocs
Dense and compact with excellent settling property (approx. 80 m/hr)
Structurally strong
INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS

16. Single reactor in sequencing batch-mode feed  anaerobic (9 hr)  aerobic (3 hr)  anaerobic (9 hr)  aerobic (3 hr)  settling (5 min) Treatment can be completed within 24 hours 16

17. ACHIEVEMENT Hybrid Biogranules System for Textile Wastewater Treatment
Development of Anaerobic Granules Containing New Specialised Dye Degrading Microbes for Raw Textile Dyeing Wastewater Treatment. Funded by MOSTI (Vot # 79137). RM 220,000 (2007 – 10) Biochemical Reduction of Azo Dyes from Textile Dyeing Wastewater using Facultative Granular Sludge. Funded by MOHE (Vot # 78211). RM 100,000 (2007 – 09) 17

18. Publications (Peer-reviewed)
Muda, K., Aris, A., Salim, M.R., Ibrahim, Z., van Loosdrecht, M.C.M., Ahmad, A., Nawahwi, M.Z. (2011) The Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Granular Sludge Biomass in Treating Textile Wastewater, Water Research, 45, No. 16, pp , 2011 (IF: 4.546). Muda, K., Aris, A., Salim, M.R., Ibrahim, Z., Yahya, A., van Loosdrecht, M.C.M., Ahmad, A., Nawahwi, M.Z. (2010) Development of Granular Sludge for Textile Wastewater Treatment, Water Research, 44, (IF:4.355) Ibrahim, Z., Amin, M.F.M., Yahya, A., Aris, A., Muda, K. (2010) Characteristics of the Developed Granules Containing Selected Decolourising Bacteria for the Degradation of Textile Wastewater, Water Science Technology, 61, (IF:1.09)

19. Publications (Conference Articles)
Muda, K., Aris, A., Salim, R.M., Ibrahim, Z. (2010). Biogranulation Treatment Technology for Textile Wastewater. ITS-UTM International Conference 2010 on Sustainable Urban Environment Dec 2010, Rectorat Building, ITS, Surabaya, Indonesia. Muda, K., Aris, A., Salim, R.M., Ibrahim, Z., Yahya, A., Ahmad, A. and Nawahwi, Z. (2010). Granular Sludge as Compact Treatment System for Textile Wastewater Treatment. 1st IWA MALAYSIA Young Water Professionals Conference. 2–4 March 2010, Best Western Premier Seri Pacific Hotel, Kuala Lumpur. Amin, M.F.M., Ibrahim, Z., Yahya, A., Aris, A. and Muda, K. Potential Application of Developed Granules Containing Decolourising Bacteria for Treatment of Raw Textile Wastewater, 30th Symposium of Malaysian Society for Microbiology – Microbes: Biotechnology Engine for Health and Wealth Creation, Kuantan, 16-19th August 2008.

20. INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS
Awards
Gold Medal at Seoul International Invention Fair (SIIF) 2011 in Seoul, Korea. Gold Medal at 10th Malaysia Technology Expo (MTE) Green Technology of the Year Award at 10th Malaysia Technology Expo (MTE) Silver Medal at 12th at Industrial Art & Technology Exhibition (INATEX), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2010.
INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS 20

21. Patent Pending A Process for Treating Wastewater (PI 2009 2162)
Bacteria Granules for Treating Wastewater (PI )
INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS 21

22. Market Opportunity Textile Industry (100 +++) China Municipal Landfill
Indonesia
Overall Market
Industry with colored wastewater
China
Municipal Landfill
Thailand
Oil Palm
(500)
Food
Initial Market Segment
Textile Industry
( )
VCLM

23. Research Team (FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING)
DR. KHALIDA MUDA
PROF. DR. RAZMAN
AP. DR. AZMI ARIS
(FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING)
AP. DR. ZAHARAH
DR. ADIBAH YAHYA
(FACULTY OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOENGINEERING)
INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS 23

24. Prototype Development Research Grant Scheme
Treatment of Textile Wastewater using Hybrid Biogranular System

25. Objectives
To design and fabricate a prototype hybrid biogranule system for treating textile wastewater
To further enhance the characteristics of the biogranules developed in the bioreactor taking into consideration the size of the prototype plant
To evaluate the performance of the system in terms of pollutants removal under different textile wastewater pollutant loads and characteristics 25

26. INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS
Objectives (cont.)
To optimize of the system through manipulation of operating parameters i.e. total hydraulic retention time, anaerobic and aerobic reaction times, solids retention time, and superficial air velocity of the system
To determine the biokinetics behavior of the process and to evaluate the toxicity of the byproducts of the degradation
INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS 26

27. Layout Hybrid Biogranule System
SBR Column (1 m3)
Holding tank (1 m3)
Activated Carbon
Sand Filter x
sludge
outlet
from
mill’s
sump
inlet to SBR
pump
discharge
to river
data logger
and control
system
control automation network

28. Research Methodology Framework

29. Planning

30. Budget Budget Details Year 1 (RM) Year 2 (RM) Total (RM)
Salary and wages (V11000)
24,000
48,000
Travelling and transport (V21000)
12,500
17,500
30,000
Rental (V24000)
15,000
Research materials & supplies (V27000)
83,500
58,500
142,000
Maintenance and Minor repair services (V28000)
Professional services (V29000) -
20,000
Accessories and equipment (V35000)
200,000
TOTAL
350,000
150,000
500,000

31. Thank You