1. 25 Class Aves: Feathers

2. 26 27 BIRDS AND REPTILES http://www.csicop.org/uploads/images/si/ph21.gif

3. Evolution of Birds Fig. 2-6 in Gill 2007

4. Longisquama (Thecodont Reptile) Triassic

5. 61 Compsognathus (Theropod Dinosaur) Jurassic

6. ORIGIN OF FEATHERS: THEROPOD DINOSAURS Sinosauropteryx, China, early Cretaceous

7. Caudipteryx, China, early Cretaceous ORIGIN OF FEATHERS: THEROPOD DINOSAURS

8. ORIGIN OF FEATHERS: BIRDS Archaeopteryx

9. 2 Feathers

10. WHY?

11. 52 Why?

12. Keratin Beta-Keratin Alpha-Keratin

13. Beta-Keratin Alpha-Keratin Keratin

14. Fig. 3-1 in Podulka et al. 2004 Pterylae

15. 22 23 Apteria

16. 24 Cassin’s Finch

17. 20 21 Variation in Apteria Occurrence

18. 1 Feather Structure (Outer Vane, Inner Vane, Shaft)

19. Fig. 3-3 in Podulka et al. 2004 Feather Vane Symmetry

20. 14 Vane Symmetry

21. Feather Vane Symmetry Guam Rail

22. 3 Archaeopteryx (Jurassic Period) Vane Symmetry 60

23. 1 Shaft

24. Proctor and Lynch 1993, p. 83 Shaft: Calamus (Quill)

25. Proctor and Lynch 1993, p. 83 Shaft: Rachis

26. Vane Structure: Barbs (Barb = a) Ramus, b) Barbules, c) Barbicels = Hooklet) Fig. 4-1 in Gill 2007 Velcro

27. Preening Feather Maintenance

28. Feather Types http://askabiologist.asu.edu/research/bird_feathers/images/feather_types.jpg Contour Feathers

29. Fig. 1-10 in Podulka et al. 2004 I) Contour Feathers 1

30. Contour Feather Adaptations

31. Contour Feathers: Flight

32. Fig. 3-7 in Podulka et al. 2004 Contour Feathers: Remiges, Rectrices

33. Regions of Contour Feather Vane Pennaceous, Plumulaceous

34. Silent Owl Flight Fig. 3-12 in Podulka et al. 2004

35. http://drawingthemotmot.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/img_5589.jpg Silent Owl Flight

36. Contour Feathers: Breeding Plumage

37. 9 Contour Feathers: Afterfeather

38. Contour Feather Structure Shaft Vane Symmetric Vane Asymmetric Vane Calamus Aftershaft = Afterfeather Rachis Pennaceous Vane Plumulaceous Vane Barb Ramus Barbules Barbicels = Hooklets 1

39. 29 30 II) Down Feathers

40. 31 32 a) Natal Down Feathers

41. 33 34 “Naked as a Jaybird”

42. 38 39 40 b) Body Down Feathers 30

43. 43 Natal Down, Body Down

44. 35 36 37

45. III) Semiplume Feathers 45

46. III) Semiplume Feathers

47. 46 IV) 1

48. V) Powder Down Feathers 47 48 49

49. VI) Bristles 50) 51) Fig. 3-14 in Podulka et al. 2004

50. Feather Types: Contour Down a) Natal Down b) Body Down Semiplume Filoplume Powder Down Bristles

51. Origin of Feathers? “Evo Devo”: Evolution of Feathers Parallels Stages of Feather Development

52. Next: Feather Development Fig. 3-25 in Podulka et al. 2004

53. 1 http://www1.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/120142/2/ istockphoto_120142_eagle_s_feather.jpg 2 http://www.coincommunity.info/coin/0250/1912_obverse.gif 3 http://cas.bellarmine.edu/tietjen/images/Archaeopteryx0.jpg 4 http://cas.bellarmine.edu/tietjen/images/Archaeopteryx0.jpg 5 http://www.seaworld.org/animal-info/info-books/penguin/images/ pic-feathers.jpg 6 http://www.polarcruises.com/Images/art_Penguins_emperor_and_chick.jpg 7 http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/554images/archaeopteryx_5.jpg 8 http://www.flyanglersonline.com/flytying/fotw2/hn4.jpg 9 http://www.interaktv.com/BIRDNET/featherwaftershftBd1898.GIF 10 http://i.pbase.com/u10/norman/upload/902851.eaglefeather.jpg

54. 11 http://www.naturalsciences.org/education/treks/bonanza/images/Owl-feather.jpg 12 http://globalflyfisher.com/staff/luallen/new_anatomy.gif 13 http://www.sialis.org/images/tres_babies_size_difference.jpg 14 http://orn-lab.ekol.lu.se/birdmigration/standalone/flightlab/image/knotwing.jpg 15 http://www.mountvernon.org/images/store/MV_37MED.jpg 16 http://cache.viewimages.com/xc/3203778.jpg?v=1&c=ViewImages&k =2&d=C037F202D99E3099AB0670069F64B336A55A1E4F32AD3138 17 http://www.ics.uci.edu/~eppstein/pix/sdwap/GoldenEagle.html 18 http://www.bigcountryaudubon.org/wp-content/uploads/2006/05/ JAE_Painted_Bunting_Closeup.jpg 19 http://www.polarcruises.com/Images/art_Penguins_emperor_and_chick.jpg

55. 21 http://www.tolweb.org/tree/ToLimages/ostrich_fam.jpg 20 http://www.polarcruises.com/Images/art_Penguins_emperor_and_chick.jpg 22 http://www.core77.com/reactor/images/04.05_combover.jpg 23 http://www.hik.hu/tankonyvtar/site/books/b10026/images/00034.jpg 24 http://farm1.static.flickr.com/55/166784720_f70028c519.jpg 25 http://www.saveamericasforests.org/Yasuni/Pics/Hoatzin-.jpg 26 http://pix.alaporte.net/pub/d/6720-1/Aqua+32+-+Scaly+Lizard.JPG 27 http://www.birdersworld.com/objects/images/brdpw050711(1).jpg 28 http://www.nikonsmallworld.com/images/gallery2005/fourbythree/ 4831_velcro-entry-1.jpg 29 http://www.bourkes-parakeet.nl/media/f-down 30 http://www.epa.qld.gov.au/images/nature_conservation/wildlife/ caring/birds_image_17.jpg

56. 31 http://www.davidnorman.org.uk/MRG/Barn%20Owls%203%20Jul% 2004/BAROW%20chick%20(down)%20(357%20x%20600).jpg 32 http://www.hiltonpond.org/images/OwlGreatHornedDown01.jpg 33 http://www.tinywingsinneed.us/rescues/wildbirds/bluejays.jpg 34 http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/blue_jay.htm 35 http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/888/75001018.JPG 36 http://www.bbc.co.uk/tyne/content/images/2006/10/19/24647_470x314.jpg 37 http://alaska.usgs.gov/science/biology/avian_influenza/species/images/ COEI_JWasley.jpg 38 http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~jcondit/images/class_images/feathers/down_feather200.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~jcondit/current/feathers/feathers_main.htm&h=167&w=200&sz=3&hl=en&start=62&um=1&tbnid=-7T9FyzzU2d4NM:&tbnh=87&tbnw=104&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddown%2Bfeathers%26start%3D60%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26rls%3DGGLR,GGLR:2006-17,GGLR:en%26sa%3DN

57. 39 http://animal.discovery.com/guides/wild-birds/gallery/mallard_duck.jpg 40 http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/animals /images/primary/common-loon.jpg 41 http://www.nunatakusa.com/images/gear%20etc/SleepLight-220.jpg 42 http://img.trade.tootoo.com/photo/products-415758/Waterproof_Down_ Jacket.jpg 43 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Red-tailed _Hawk_Buteo_jamaicensis_Full_Body_1880px.jpg/543px-Red- tailed_Hawk_Buteo_jamaicensis_Full_Body_1880px.jpg 44 http://www.penguins.cl/penguin/gentoo-penguins.jpg 45 http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~jcondit/images/class_images/ feathers/semiplume_feather200.jpg 46 http://www.paulnoll.com/Oregon/Birds/feather-filoplume.jpg

58. 47 http://images.google.com/images?q=powder+down+feather&svnum= 10&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&rls=GGLR,GGLR:2006-17,GGLR:en&start =20&sa=N&ndsp=20 48 http://depts.washington.edu/natmap/photos/birds/great_blue_heron_6488c_tfk.jpg 49 http://www.birding.in/images/Birds/rock_pigeon.jpg 50 http://www.wbu.com/chipperwoods/images/ar9.jpg 51 http://www.carolinanature.com/pix/panama/piedpuffbird8161.jpg 52 http://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/WSP2425/images/fig33.jpeg 53 http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/857/45057960.JPG 54 http://www.houstonzoo.org/attachments/wysiwyg/3/rhinohorns.jpg 55 http://www.wbu.com/chipperwoods/images/nflicker7.jpg 56 http://www.wbu.com/chipperwoods/images/nflicker6.jpg

59. 57 http://farm1.static.flickr.com/68/173474511_82060b496b.jpg 58 http://abstractsofnature.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/birds/ smew-preening.jpg 59 http://www.geocities.com/lastfarm/actias_luna.jpg 60 http://www.cosmosmagazine.com/news/5218/archaeopteryx-feathers-http://www.cosmosmagazine.com/news/5218/archaeopteryx-feathers- were-black-identical-modern-birds 61 http://www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/Compsognathus.htm