1. McKinney-Vento Compliance and Lessons Learned from Litigation Lisa Curtis, Staff Attorney National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty Maura McInerney, Senior Staff Attorney, Education Law Center, PA

2. ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org Road Map Lessons Learned from LitigationLessons Learned from Litigation Resources to Help YOU Stay on the Right Side of the LawResources to Help YOU Stay on the Right Side of the Law Q&A with the LawyersQ&A with the Lawyers

3. Common Subjects of Litigation Failure to grant automatic enrollment while dispute is being resolvedFailure to grant automatic enrollment while dispute is being resolved Failure to provide transportationFailure to provide transportation Failure to recognize and accommodate unaccompanied youthFailure to recognize and accommodate unaccompanied youth Failure to accept appeals of enrollment decisions (“You’re not homeless, so you’re not entitled to appeal”)Failure to accept appeals of enrollment decisions (“You’re not homeless, so you’re not entitled to appeal”) Collateral Damage – Denial of a FAPE; Extracurricular ActivitiesCollateral Damage – Denial of a FAPE; Extracurricular Activities ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

4. Lampkin v. District of Columbia Complaint alleged that DC Public Schools failed to:Complaint alleged that DC Public Schools failed to: consider the best interests in making school placements;consider the best interests in making school placements; ensure transportation to schools;ensure transportation to schools; coordinate social services and public education; andcoordinate social services and public education; and ensure comparable services and school meals for studentsensure comparable services and school meals for students D.C. Circuit Court held that the McKinney-Vento created “enforceable rights” (i.e. individual families could bring legal actions against state agents for violating the Act)D.C. Circuit Court held that the McKinney-Vento created “enforceable rights” (i.e. individual families could bring legal actions against state agents for violating the Act) DCPS ordered to identify children experiencing homelessness and refer them for all services required by the law, including transportation, within 72 hours of a family’s application for emergency shelter and provide tokens to all children who had to travel more than 1.5 miles to school.DCPS ordered to identify children experiencing homelessness and refer them for all services required by the law, including transportation, within 72 hours of a family’s application for emergency shelter and provide tokens to all children who had to travel more than 1.5 miles to school. Awarded $185,000 in attorney fees and costsAwarded $185,000 in attorney fees and costs ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

5. Collier v. Board of Education of Prince George’s County and Bullock v. Board of Education of Montgomery County Suburban school districts bordering on Washington, DC. Collier concerned transportation, identification, school selection, dispute resolution, and inter-agency matters.Collier concerned transportation, identification, school selection, dispute resolution, and inter-agency matters. Bullock addressed rights of students in transitional housing; “time limits” on homelessness & segregation.Bullock addressed rights of students in transitional housing; “time limits” on homelessness & segregation. School districts agreed to settlements mandating broad reform measures from accommodating children awaiting foster placement, to publicizing the rights of homeless children, training school personnel to implement new forms and guidelines to identify and serve homeless children & provide timely transportation.School districts agreed to settlements mandating broad reform measures from accommodating children awaiting foster placement, to publicizing the rights of homeless children, training school personnel to implement new forms and guidelines to identify and serve homeless children & provide timely transportation. Attorneys fees: ranged from $195,000 to $300,000 Attorneys fees: ranged from $195,000 to $300,000 ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

6. National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty v. New York State Case alleged systemic noncompliance by the state education agency, state social services agency, 15 local educational agencies, and county social services with state and federal laws relating to the education of homeless children and youth.Case alleged systemic noncompliance by the state education agency, state social services agency, 15 local educational agencies, and county social services with state and federal laws relating to the education of homeless children and youth. School districts settled their portion of the case early in the proceedings; state and county social services moved to dismiss the case on ground that McKinney-Vento was not enforceable by parents; argument rejected by District Court.School districts settled their portion of the case early in the proceedings; state and county social services moved to dismiss the case on ground that McKinney-Vento was not enforceable by parents; argument rejected by District Court. Ultimately, all parties settled and agreed to comply with applicable state and federal laws relating to homeless students.Ultimately, all parties settled and agreed to comply with applicable state and federal laws relating to homeless students. ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

7. Kaleuati v. Tonda Class action lawsuit against State of Hawaii in District Court challenging McKinney-Vento Act violations & seeking to ensure that homeless children have full, meaningful access to public education.Class action lawsuit against State of Hawaii in District Court challenging McKinney-Vento Act violations & seeking to ensure that homeless children have full, meaningful access to public education. Settlement agreement mandated: hiring, training & monitoring of district liaisons; improving identification practices and outreach to shelters and other providers; creating and distributing informational materials; developing a system for monitoring and recordkeeping; revising existing enrollment and release forms; reviewing and revising relevant administrative rules to remove barriers to attendance; consulting with parents and guardians; establishing a school bus route to accommodate residents of homeless shelters and beach parks; and improving dispute resolution procedures.Settlement agreement mandated: hiring, training & monitoring of district liaisons; improving identification practices and outreach to shelters and other providers; creating and distributing informational materials; developing a system for monitoring and recordkeeping; revising existing enrollment and release forms; reviewing and revising relevant administrative rules to remove barriers to attendance; consulting with parents and guardians; establishing a school bus route to accommodate residents of homeless shelters and beach parks; and improving dispute resolution procedures. DOE was responsible for attorneys’ fees and costs: $185,000DOE was responsible for attorneys’ fees and costs: $185,000 ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

8. A.E. v. Carlynton & PDE Children slept in multiple school districts, rotating weekly so that children slept in 6 different school districts; Children denied enrollment in ALL districts on ground that they did not “live” in any. Case settled, resulting in significant PA guidance re highly mobile students: Children legally entitled to attend school where they have a “substantial connection” (e.g., daily living activities, day shelter, stay on recurring basis.) ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

9. L.R. v. Steelton-Highspire Child resided with his grandmother and became homeless due to fire in Jan. 2009. Child was permitted to attend school until June but was refused enrollment the following school year. Court granted emergency preliminary motion: ordered school of origin to educate child; immediate enrollment & pendency legally required under the Act; dispute resolution process must be followed; Homelessness has no time limit ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

10. N.J. v. State of New York Eastern District of New York Two children and single mother were forced out of their home by an abusive landlord; “doubled-up” children slept on a sofa. District refused to recognize children as homeless. NYSED denied the family’s request for a stay pending the appeal. Family sought a TRO and preliminary injunction to stay in school. The Court granted the preliminary injunction, finding that NYSED’s denial of a stay pending the appeal violates the McKinney Vento Act, which requires that the child “shall immediately be admitted to the school in which enrollment is sought, pending resolution of the dispute.” 42 U.S.C.§11432(g)(3)(E)(i). The Court expressly held that the Act contemplates disputes about the status of the child as “homeless.” ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

11. C.H. v. State of New York Eastern District of New York Two children (one severely autistic) and single father were forced out of their home by economic circumstances; the family “doubled-up” with a family member residing in a different school district. The school district attempted to exclude the children, alleging that the family was not homeless. The family appealed to the NYSED; the Department of Education denied the family’s request for a stay pending the appeal. On the eve of the children’s expulsion, the family sought a TRO and preliminary injunction from the EDNY. The Court granted a TRO, with a strong order. Family ultimately withdrew appeal and settled in new district. ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

12. Pridget v. Baltimore City District of Maryland Class action filed on behalf of multiple families denied enrollment, timely transportation, mandatory uniforms, fee waivers for school activities. Policies stigmatized children and delayed attendance (7-10 days). District provided immediate relief to named plaintiffs; Established new administrative dispute resolution process they might resolve claims; Court concluded “current” factual record did not support assertion that claims were representative of other class members but left the door open to revisit issue if new facts emerge. ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

13. Allen and Shaw v. Hoover City Schools Filed in 2012 on behalf of former students who played football for Hoover High Each claimed that adults, including their coaches, knew they were homeless, yet the students were never connected to a liaison or made aware of their rights. In fact, students were routinely required to provide proof that they still lived in a hotel; suffered academically Depositions, motions practice - trial date set in 2014 July 12, 2014 - Parties agreed to mediation. Results of that mediation were not made public. NCHE www.serve.org/nche NAEHCY www.naehcy.org

14. N.C. v. Easton Area S. D. Preliminary injunction filed against both state and Pennsylvania school district on behalf of two students living in a camper who were abruptly disenrolled from school in December 2013. Students were previously recognized as homeless – but district concluded that the camper had become “permanent” home. Children immediately enrolled; Case settled. New state guidance proposed. NCHE www.serve.org/nche NAEHCY www.naehcy.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

15. Desegregation Order Student has the right to attend the school of choice under McKinney-Vento even if attending the school parent selects would violate a school desegregation order. McKinney ‐ Vento Act trumps deseg order. If challenged, a school district can petition the court to amend the desegregation order to account for the McKinney ‐ Vento Act. U.S. Department of Education, Public School Choice Draft Non ‐ Regulatory Guidance, December 2002, Section G.

16. Project LEARN In 2011, DLA Piper and the Law Center partnered in 2011 to launch Project LEARN (Lawyers Education Access Resource Network). More than 50 Project LEARN attorneys and paralegals from 20 DLA Piper offices across the country trained to provide resources, information and brief legal services to school personnel, homeless students and parents, and other advocates. Project LEARN volunteers also are litigating cases where necessary to protect homeless students rights. Contact 202-638-2535 for assistance ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org DLA Piper LLP (US) www.dlapiper.com

17. Resources ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org DLA Piper LLP (US) www.dlapiper.com

18. Resources National Association for the Education of Homeless Children and Youth - http://www.naehcy.org National Center on Homeless Education - http://www.serve.org/nche National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty - http://www.nlchp.org National Network for Youth- http://www.nn4youth.org Horizons for Homeless Children - http://www.horizonsforhomelesschildren.org Education Law Center - http://www.elc-pa.org/index.html ELC-PA www.elc-pa.org NLCHP www.nlchp.org

19. Contact Information Maura McInerney, Senior Staff Attorney, Education Law Center 1315 Walnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19107 215-238-6970 Ext. 316 mmcinerney@elc-pa.org www.elc-pa.org/ Jeremy Rosen, Director of Advocacy National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty 2000 M St., NW, Ste. 210 Washington, DC 20036 202.638.2535 jrosen@nlchp.org www.nlchp.org