1. Business Management - National 5
Management of people
Business Management - National 5

2. Learning Outcomes 1.1 – Stages of the Recruitment Process
1.2 – Methods of Staff Training and Costs & Benefits
1.3 – Methods of Motivating Staff and Costs & Benefits
1.4 – Current Employment Legislation

3. Contents Human Resources Department Activities Methods of Recruitment
Methods of Selection
Methods of Training
Training Costs and Benefits
Methods of Motivation
Costs and Benefits of Motivation
Working Practices
Employee Relations
Industrial Action
Employment Legislation
Equality Act
Minimum Wage Act
Freedom of Information Act
Data Protection
Health and Safety

4. Human Resources Department
The Human Resources Department deals with the current and future employees of an organisation.
The roles that they have include:
Recruitment and Selection
Training
Motivation
Employee Relations
Employment Legislation

5. Recruitment & Selection
Learning Outcome 1.1

6. Recruitment and Selection
In order to attract the best staff possible an organisation will go through a number of steps that will allow them to choose the best person for the job.
Recruitment – the process followed to allow people to apply for the job
Selection – the process of choosing the best applicant for the job.

7. Stages of Recruitment and Selection
We are going to go through 8 stages of recruitment and selection.

8. Stage 1
Job Analysis
Establishing whether a vacancy actually exists by analysing the jobs main features.
This could be done through observing the current employee or asking a manager.

9. Stage 2
Job Description
This is a document that allows all applicants to see what the job will involve. This will form the basis of any advertisement of the job.
This will include items such as:
Job Title
Main Tasks and Responsibilities
Working Conditions
Location

10. Stage 3 Person Specification
Identify the type of person you want to do the job. This will include essential and desirable characteristics
This will include:
Skills
Qualifications
Experience
Qualities

11. Stage 4
Advertisement
This is how the organisation lets potential applicants know that a job exists.
An organisation can choose to advertise Internally or Externally.

12. Internal Advertising
This is advertising to potential applicants within the organisation.
It can take the following methods:
Company Intranet
Staff Memo
Notice Boards
Newsletter
Reasons why:
Allows employees to develop skills
Employees are already familiar with the business
Employees strengths and weaknesses are known
It is an inexpensive form of recruitment
It can improve staff morale

13. External Advertising
This is advertising to people outwith the company.
It can take the form of:
Newspapers
Professional Journals
Job Centre
Recruitment Agency
Company Website
Reasons why:
Brings in people with new ideas and ways of working
Wider choice of candidate to choose from

14. Stage 5 Applications Application Form CV
Give applicants the same questions and opportunities to describe themselves. Making it easier to compare information from a large number of candidates. CV
These are individual and personalised documents prepared by the applicant and will give a summary of their skills and experiences.

15. Stage 6
Interview
This is the most common method of selection and can take various forms:
One-on-One
Panel
Group
Candidates may also be asked back for a second interview at a later stage in the process.

16. Successful Interview Tell candidates how it will be conducted
Asking the same questions
Put the candidates at ease
Give the candidate the opportunity to add anything further and ask follow up questions

17. Stage 7
Testing
This allows the organisation to compare candidates in a range of situations
Types of testing include:
Aptitude – skills based testing
Psychometric – attitudes/characteristics
Personality – roles the candidate is suited to

18. Stage 8 Making the Appointment
After the various forms of selection the successful and unsuccessful candidates are informed.
Reference
Use to confirm the person applying for the job is who they say they are. Usually written statements from previous employers or other reliable person.

19. Training
Learning Outcome 1.2

20. Training
Training carried out will vary to meet the needs of the individual. It may be used for:
Induction training
Retraining
Upgrading skills

21. Methods of Training Induction Training
This is training that is carried out before the employee starts their job.
This allows the employee to familiarise themselves with their workplace; learn rules and regulations (health and safety); get introduced to their colleagues.

22. Methods of Training In-House Training (On the Job)
This is training that is carried out within the organisation.
This may simply occur in the form of another colleague (peer) showing another worker how to do a job or supervising them.

23. Methods of Training Off the Job Training
This is training that occurs away from the workplace. This may happen at a:
College
Training Centre

24. Training Increased productivity Increased motivation
Benefits
Costs
Increased productivity
Increased motivation
Work towards organisation goals
Increased flexibility
Financial costs
travel, provider cost
Productivity
reduced output, increase in staff to cover
Staff may leave once trained
Staff resistance

25. Motivation
Learning Outcome 1.3

26. Methods of Motivation Non Financial
Quality Circles – groups of staff involved in problem solving and decision making process
Appraisal – Managers and employees meet to discuss performance and set targets
Job enlargement – increase number of tasks that an employee takes on
Job enrichment – workers choose how to complete the tasks they have been given
Promotion opportunities
Improved working conditions
Team building activities

27. Methods of Motivation Financial
Overtime
Piece-rate
Time-rate
Performance-related
Profit-sharing
Bonus
Commission
Share schemes

28. Motivation – Working Practices
Core workers
These are those workers that are employed by the firm and are involved in the core activities of the business. They can be:
Full-time
Part-time
Casual workers
Hired and released by the company when they are needed.
Contractual workers
Employed on a fixed-term contract usually for one or two years.

29. Motivation – Working Practices
Flexi-Time
Workers only need to be at work place at certain core times in the day. They can decide when they start and finish.
Home/Tele-Working
Employees working from home making use of ICT.
Job-Share
Two or more employees share the duties associated with one job.

30. Motivation – Employee Relations
Employee relations covers how employers deal and interact with their employees as individuals or a group.
Good employee relations leads to a motivated, flexible workforce.
Poor employee relations can lead to less co-operation, industrial action and a poor image for the company.

31. Motivation – Employee Relations Groups
Trade Unions
Set up to protect and stand up for the rights of employees.
They will take part in collective bargaining which involves them negotiating on behalf of employees for things such as pay and conditions.
Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS)
Employee relations experts who aim to help employers and employees work together effectively.
They will offer advice and provide ways to settle disputes

32. Motivation – Industrial Action
Industrial Action – this is the last resort that employees will take in order to have their views heard. It can take a variety of forms:
Strike
workers withdraw their labour and refuse to work. This can also involve picketing.
Sit-in
Workers occupy their workplace in an attempt to stop any work from taking place.
Work-to-rule
Work strictly to the terms and conditions of their contract.
Overtime ban
workers refuse to do any overtime work.

33. Motivation Increased productivity Increased quality Staff retention
Benefits
Costs
Increased productivity
Increased quality
Staff retention
Financial Costs
Staff conflict

34. Employment Legislation
Learning Outcome 1.4

35. Employment Legislation
The Human Resources Department needs to keep up with and make sure all employees are aware of relevant employment legislation.
There are a number of pieces of legislation that affect organisations, and new legislation is continually being introduced and updated.

36. Equality Act 2010 age disability gender reassignment
This act was introduced to simplify the numerous pieces of anti-discrimination legislation that existed.
Its primary purpose is to protect people from discrimination in employment on the grounds of their:
age
disability
gender reassignment
marriage and civil partnership
pregnancy and maternity
race
religion or belief
sex
sexual orientation

37. National Minimum Wage Act 1998
The National Minimum Wage Act creates a minimum wage for all workers across the United Kingdom
As of 1st October 2013 the wage rates are:
21+ £6.31
£5.03
Under 18 £3.72
Apprentice £2.68

38. Freedom of Information Act 2000
Introduced with the premise of information being made public unless it falls into specified excepted cases.
Gives everyone two specific separate rights:
the right to know whether information exists
the right to access that information (subject to exemptions).

39. Data Protection Act 1998 Obtain and process data fairly and lawfully
Aims to protect the rights of the individual by governing the collection, storage and use of information that is held.
There are 8 basic principles that organisations must follow:
Obtain and process data fairly and lawfully
Register the purpose for which the information is held
Do not disclose the information in any way that is different from the purpose
Give individuals copies of the information held about themselves if requested
Only hold information that is adequate, relevant and not excessive
Only hold accurate information and keep it up to date
Do not hold information any longer than necessary
Take appropriate security measures to keep the information safe

40. Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
The aim is to raise the standard of health and safety for all individuals at work.
The act covers duties of both the employer and employee to abide by the legislation:
Employers must take every step to ensure the working environment is safe and non-hazardous.
Employees are expected to behave in a reasonable manner at work and must take responsibility for their own actions.