1. Unit 6 – Earth’s Resources
MS-ESS3-1: Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for how the uneven distributions of Earth’s mineral, energy, and groundwater resources are the result of the past and current geoscience processes.
MS-ESS3-2: Analyze and interpret data on natural disasters to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects.

2. Do Now Discuss with your team…
Do Now Discuss with your team….be prepared to share What is a natural disaster? How does it affect our world?

3. Active Viewing & Listening How many natural disasters can you name?

4. How many natural hazards (disasters) did you name?

6. Weather on Earth – Severe Weather
Science Centers
Center One
How Volcanoes Form
Center Two
How Earthquakes Work
Center Three
Weather on Earth – Severe Weather

7. Closure

8. Do Now Discuss with your team…and be prepared to share.
Today you are going to learn about greenhouse gases and climate change. Right now, climates around the world are getting warmer. One result of warmer temperatures is that the polar ice caps have begun melting. What do you think might happen if they melt completely?

9. What is the Greenhouse Effect?
The Earth is wrapped in a blanket of air called the 'atmosphere', which is made up of several layers of gases. The sun is much hotter than the Earth and it gives off rays of heat (radiation) that travel through the atmosphere and reach the Earth. The rays of the sun warm the Earth, and heat from the Earth then travels back into the atmosphere. The gases in the atmosphere stop some of the heat from escaping into space. These gases are called greenhouse gases and the natural process between the sun, the atmosphere and the Earth is called the 'Greenhouse Effect', because it works the same way as a greenhouse. The windows of a greenhouse play the same role as the gases in the atmosphere, keeping some of the heat inside the greenhouse.
What is the Greenhouse Effect?

10. What is Global Warming?
Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earth's temperature,
which in turn causes changes in climate. A warmer Earth may lead to changes in
rainfall patterns, a rise in sea level, and a wide range of impacts on plants,
wildlife, and humans. When scientists talk about the issue of climate change,
their concern is about global warming caused by human activities.

11. THE ENHANCED GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Some of the activities of man also produce greenhouse gases. These gases keep increasing in the atmosphere.
The balance of the greenhouse gases changes and this has effects on the whole of the planet.
Burning fossil fuels - coal, oil and natural gas - releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Cutting down and burning trees also produces a lot of carbon dioxide.
A group of greenhouse gases called the chlorofluorocarbons, - which are usually called CFCs, because the other word is much too long! - have been used in aerosols, such as hairspray cans, fridges and in making foam plastics. They are found in small amounts in the atmosphere. They are dangerous greenhouse gases because small amounts can trap large amounts of heat.
Because there are more and more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, more heat is trapped which makes the Earth warmer. This is known as GLOBAL WARMING.

12. Global Warming may be a big problem,
but can you make a difference? Yes! There are several little things you can do to make a difference. Try carpooling.
This will help reduce the amount of fossil fuels going into the atmosphere. Whenever you use electricity, You help put greenhouse gases into the air. Turning off lights, the television, and the computer when you are through with them. Also, planting trees is fun and a great way to reduce greenhouse gases. Trees absorb carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, from the air.
Finally, don't forget about recycling.

13. Weather Farming Midway Sea Levels Check Water People Animals
A lot of scientists agree that man’s activities are making the natural greenhouse effect stronger. If we carry on polluting the atmosphere with greenhouses gases, it will have very dangerous effects on Earth. What are some ways that the greenhouse effect will affect Earth?

14. What are some ways that the greenhouse effect will change things on Earth?
Temperature – hotter, dryer
Drought – no water
Farming – no water = no crops
Sea levels will rise = flooding
Sea levels will drop = drought
Animals may become extinct because they need the cold to survive (polar bears)
People – breathing problems

16. What are Fossil Fuels?
Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources that formed more than 300 million years ago during the Carboniferous Period - long before dinosaurs roamed the Earth. Fossil fuels are made up of plant and animal matter. When plants and animals died, their bodies decomposed and were buried under layers of earth. Millions of years later we have the three forms of fossil fuels: oil, natural gas and coal.

20. Fossil Fuel Energy - Coal
Coal comes in several different forms from hard black rocks (that's the kind you get in your stocking at Christmas) to soft brown dirt. Some forms burn hotter and cleaner than others. Coal is used to create more than half of all the electricity made in the US. In the states, many of the coal beds are near the ground's surface. We get to the coal by mining for it. Most coal is transported by trains to power plants where it's burned to make steam. The steam turns turbines, which produce electricity.

21. Fossil Fuel Energy - Natural Gas
Natural gas is lighter than air. Natural gas is made out of methane, which is a simple chemical compound made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. This gas is highly flammable, so no farting near it. Natural gas is found near oil in the ground. It's pumped, just like oil, from wells that tap into the source and send it to large pipelines. Because you can't smell or see natural gas, it is mixed with a chemical to give it a stinky smell - like rotten eggs. That way, it's easy to tell if there's a leak.
After the stinky chemical is added, the natural gas is sent through underground pipes which go to your home so you can cook food and heat your house. It's also sent to factories and power plants to make electricity. Natural gas is burned to produce heat, which boils water, creating steam, which passes through a turbine to generate electricity

22. Fossil Fuel Energy - Oil
Oil is a thick, black, gooey liquid also called petroleum. It's found way down in the ground, usually between layers of rock. To get oil out, a well is dug. Digging a well is like putting a straw into a can of pop. The oil is then pumped out of the ground, just like when you suck pop up the straw. Oil is carried in pipelines and large tanker ships. A refinery changes the oil into products like gasoline, jet fuel and diesel fuel. It's also burned in factories and power plants to make electricity. The oil is burned, which produces gases that turn a turbine to create electricity.

23. Team Discussion
What is the difference between non-renewable and renewable resources? Give one example of each.

24. Renewable Resources Examples:
Renewable energy is generated from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain and tides. These sources are considered renewable because they quickly replenish themselves and are usually available in a never-ending supply.
Renewable Resources
Examples:
Solar Energy
Wind Power
Water Energy
Geothermal Energy

25. Team Discussion
Can energy sources like sun and wind replace fossil fuels like coal and oil? Explain

26. Take the Energy QUIZ