1. CHAPTER 13 SECTION 3 Education and Popular Culture
MAIN IDEA:
The mass media, movies, and spectator sports played important roles is creating the popular culture of the 1920s-a culture that many artists and writers criticized.

2. EDUCATION BEFORE THE 1920s Enrollments- 1 million high school students
Types of Courses-high school courses centered to college bound students
Immigrants- Many immigrant students spoke some English (English and Irish)
Financing- costs doubled from

3. EDUCATION DURING THE 1920s Enrollments- 4 million high school students
Types of Courses-Catered to broad range of students including those interested in vocational training and home economics
Immigrants- Many spoke no English
Financing- Costs doubled again totaling $2.7 billion a year between 1926

4. MAGAZINES TIME (1923) READERS DIGEST (1922)
Circulation of 2 million each

5. RADIO Most powerful form of communication to emerge
KOKA-Pittsburgh-first commercial radio station, listeners tuned in for news, entertainment, and advertisements
MELODY MAKER (page 447)

6. SPORTS Babe Ruth-record 60 homeruns in 1927
Jack Dempsey-heavyweight champ
Gene Tunney-defeated Dempsey in 1927
Helen Wills-dominated women’s tennis; won singles at Wimbledon 8X; US Open 7X
Gertrude Ederle-at 19 became first woman to swim the English Channel
Andrew Foster-1920 founded the Negro National League; “The Father of Black Baseball”

7. MOVIES The Jazz Singer-1927 the first major movie with sound
Steamboat Willie- Walt Disney’s first animated film with sound (1928)
Movies called “talkies”

8. Theater, Music and Art
Eugene O’Neill- Famous play The Hairy Ape; forced Americans to reflect upon modern isolationism, confusion and family conflict
George Gershwin-Concert Music Composer; influenced by Louis Armstrong and traditional music
Edward Hopper-Painter
Georgia O’Keeffe-produced intensely colored canvases that captured New York

9. Literature
Sinclair Lewis-first American to win a Nobel Prize in literature; novel Babbitt
F. Scott Fitzgerald-coined the term “Jazz Age”; The Great Gatsby (revealed the negative side of the period’s freedom, portraying wealthy and attractive people leading imperiled lives
Edith Whatton-clash between traditional and modern values

10. Literature
Edna St. Vincent Millay-wrote poems celebrating youth and life
Ernest Hemingway-wounded in WWI; most well-known author; criticized the glorification of war
Introduced a simplified style of writing
T.S. Elliot-poem The Waste Land

11. 1st non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean
CHARLES LINDBERGH
1st non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean