1. Key Challenges of Globalization Sandie Cornish Loyola Institute

2. © Sandie Cornish for the Loyola Institute, Australian Jesuits, November 2007. What is Globalization? Globalization is a phenomena that expands interconnectedness in the world. Globalization is a phenomena that expands interconnectedness in the world. It is not just an economic phenomena – it also affects cultural, political, social, legal and religious life. It is not just an economic phenomena – it also affects cultural, political, social, legal and religious life. Experiences of globalization differ – it may be experienced as mainly an opportunity or mainly threat. Experiences of globalization differ – it may be experienced as mainly an opportunity or mainly threat. The same person may experience both positive and negative aspects of globalization. The same person may experience both positive and negative aspects of globalization.

3. © Sandie Cornish for the Loyola Institute, Australian Jesuits, November 2007. What’s New About Globalization? Scale & Intensity: human interconnectedness has both deepened and widened. Scale & Intensity: human interconnectedness has both deepened and widened. Fluidity: traditional relationships and ways of making meaning are being constantly reshaped. Fluidity: traditional relationships and ways of making meaning are being constantly reshaped. Structures & Hubs: new webs of relationships are overlaid on traditional social structures, leading to new patterns of interaction. Structures & Hubs: new webs of relationships are overlaid on traditional social structures, leading to new patterns of interaction.

4. © Sandie Cornish for the Loyola Institute, Australian Jesuits, November 2007. Three Resources The Australian Catholic Bishops Conference Social Justice Sunday Statement 2007, Who is My Neighbour? Australia’s Role as a Global Citizen. The Australian Catholic Bishops Conference Social Justice Sunday Statement 2007, Who is My Neighbour? Australia’s Role as a Global Citizen. National Council of Churches in Australia Social Justice Sunday Statement 2007, In Whose Interest? Australia as a Global Citizen. National Council of Churches in Australia Social Justice Sunday Statement 2007, In Whose Interest? Australia as a Global Citizen. International Jesuit Task Force on Globalization and Marginalization Report 2006, Globalization and Marginalization Our Global Apostolic Response. International Jesuit Task Force on Globalization and Marginalization Report 2006, Globalization and Marginalization Our Global Apostolic Response.

5. © Sandie Cornish for the Loyola Institute, Australian Jesuits, November 2007. Commonality & Difference None of these resources claims to be comprehensive in its coverage of the issues associated with globalization. None of these resources claims to be comprehensive in its coverage of the issues associated with globalization. Each resource focuses on a small number of key issues or challenges. Each resource focuses on a small number of key issues or challenges. There is substantial overlap in the key concerns of the resources, but there are also some differences. There is substantial overlap in the key concerns of the resources, but there are also some differences.

6. © Sandie Cornish for the Loyola Institute, Australian Jesuits, November 2007. Three Common Concerns Functioning of the economy (prosperity and economic justice, foreign aid, development assistance, trade justice, the logic of the market) Functioning of the economy (prosperity and economic justice, foreign aid, development assistance, trade justice, the logic of the market) War and peace (military alliances and interventions, weapons, conflict transformation, non violence) War and peace (military alliances and interventions, weapons, conflict transformation, non violence) The environment (unsustainable environmental degradation, climate change, energy policy). The environment (unsustainable environmental degradation, climate change, energy policy).

7. © Sandie Cornish for the Loyola Institute, Australian Jesuits, November 2007. Functioning of the Economy The logic of the market should not dominate every aspect of human life – it needs to be kept in its place through laws and institutions that are accountable. The logic of the market should not dominate every aspect of human life – it needs to be kept in its place through laws and institutions that are accountable. Flows of goods, services and finance are international and States are no longer able to control their own economies. Flows of goods, services and finance are international and States are no longer able to control their own economies. Free trade isn’t necessarily fair trade – the impact of historical injustices and differences in power need to be taken into account. Free trade isn’t necessarily fair trade – the impact of historical injustices and differences in power need to be taken into account. Debt relief, development assistance and fair trade are needed to address poverty. Debt relief, development assistance and fair trade are needed to address poverty.

8. © Sandie Cornish for the Loyola Institute, Australian Jesuits, November 2007. War & Peace With greater interconnectedness the causes of conflict have become more complex. With greater interconnectedness the causes of conflict have become more complex. Peace and security are global questions requiring international cooperation. Peace and security are global questions requiring international cooperation. Non State actors have become more important in conflicts e.g. terrorism. Non State actors have become more important in conflicts e.g. terrorism. The assertion of identity in the face of homogenization and relativism, and conflict over the control of resources have led to violence. The assertion of identity in the face of homogenization and relativism, and conflict over the control of resources have led to violence. The international trade in weapons makes conflicts more dangerous. The international trade in weapons makes conflicts more dangerous.

9. © Sandie Cornish for the Loyola Institute, Australian Jesuits, November 2007. The Environment Poorer countries cannot follow the same environmentally unsustainable path to development as rich countries have. Poorer countries cannot follow the same environmentally unsustainable path to development as rich countries have. New forms of energy are needed to support development. New forms of energy are needed to support development. The wealthy need to reassess their lifestyles. The wealthy need to reassess their lifestyles. Environmental action must be global, or polluting and depleting activities will simply be ‘exported’. Environmental action must be global, or polluting and depleting activities will simply be ‘exported’. Markets must take into account environmental limits. Markets must take into account environmental limits.

10. © Sandie Cornish for the Loyola Institute, Australian Jesuits, November 2007. Some Specific Concerns The United Nations & International Financial Institutions (Catholic SJSS) The United Nations & International Financial Institutions (Catholic SJSS) Politics & Governance (Jesuit Report) Politics & Governance (Jesuit Report) Human Rights (NCCA SJSS) Human Rights (NCCA SJSS) Border Protection & Refugees (Catholic SJSS) Border Protection & Refugees (Catholic SJSS) Cultural Erosion & the Issue of Inclusion (Jesuit Report) Cultural Erosion & the Issue of Inclusion (Jesuit Report)

11. © Sandie Cornish for the Loyola Institute, Australian Jesuits, November 2007. Catholic Social Justice Sunday Statement Ecumenical Social Justice Sunday Statement Jesuit Task Force Report Foreign aid, development assistance & trade justice Prosperity & Economic Justice The Logic of the Market Military alliances & interventions Conflict, Weapons & Non Violence Violence & Conflict Transformation Climate change & energy policy Climate ChangeUnsustainable Environmental Degradation Border Protection & refugees Human RightsCultural Erosion & the Issue of Inclusion The UN & International Financial Institutions Politics & Governance

12. © Sandie Cornish for the Loyola Institute, Australian Jesuits, November 2007. For Reflection What is the most urgent challenge raised by globalization in your parish / school / group? What is the most urgent challenge raised by globalization in your parish / school / group? How are you currently addressing this challenge? How are you currently addressing this challenge? What are the most exciting positive possibilities flowing from globalization for your parish / school / group? What are the most exciting positive possibilities flowing from globalization for your parish / school / group? How are you using these possibilities to promote the common good? How are you using these possibilities to promote the common good?